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Ibcatb's  flDo&em  Xanouaae  Series 


GERMAN    COMPOSITION 


WITH  NOTES  AND  VOCABULARY 


i/ck'S 


WESSELHOEFT,  A.M. 


Instructor  in  German  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 


i^ATH  i.CQfViJ|' 


BOSTON,  U.S.A. 

D.  C.  HEATH  &  CO.,  PUBLISHERS 

1902 


IN  MEMORrAM 


Copyright,  1902, 
By  D.  C.  Heath  &  Co. 


PRINTED   IN 

UNITED    STATES 

OF   AMERICA 


>  ft     *' 


*   • 


PREFACE. 


This  book  of  German  Composition  is  intended  for  stu- 
dents who  have  mastered  the  inflections  of  the  German 
grammar,  and  have  had  some  practice  in  translating  easy 
English  sentences  into  German.  It  is  divided  into  two 
parts :  Part  I.  containing  selections  with  independent  clauses 
only ;  Part  II  selections  with  principal  and  dependent  clauses. 
The  introductory  remarks  preceding  each  part  refer  chiefly 
to  the  position  of  the  verb  in  German.  With  more  advanced 
students  Part  II  can  be  used  independently  of  Part  I. 

The  notes,  especially  in  Part  I,  are  intended  to  help  the 
beginner  to  avoid  those  mistakes  which  experience  has 
taught  constantly  recur  in  the  class-room.  As  much  as  pos- 
sible lexical  matter  has  been  confined  to  the  Vocabulary.  No 
effort  has  been  spared  to  make  this  complete. 

The  simple  style  of  every-day  speech  has  been  preserved 
throughout  the  selections,  words  of  unusual  occurrence  having 
been  intentionally  avoided.  It  need  hardly  be  said  that  the 
selections  have  been  made  not  for  their  literary  value,  but 
rather  with  a  view  to  securing  variety  of  vocabulary  and 
avoiding  difficulties  which  would  only  confuse  the  beginner. 

The  exercises   have   been   made   of  nearly  equal   length. 


926619 


IV  PREFACE 

those  of  Part  II  however,  being  somewhat  longer  than  those 
of  Part  I.  Longer  selections  have  been  divided  into  sections, 
and  all  the  material  has  been  arranged,  as  far  as  possible, 
in  the  order  of  difficulty. 

For  many  useful  corrections  and  suggestions  the  editor 
is  indebted  to  Professor  M.  D.  Learned  and  Assistant  Pro- 
fessor D.  B.  Shumway,  both  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
Mr.  A.  A.  Fischer  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Academy, 
and  for  a  careful  reading  of  the  whole  book  to  Dr.  O.  Plate 
of  the  West  Point  Military  Academy. 

E.  C.  WESSELHOEFT. 

University  of  Pennsylvania, 
January  1902. 


CONTENTS. 


PART    I.     INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES. 

Introductory  Remarks  on  the    Position    of  the  Verb 

IN  Independent  Clauses  in  German       .        . 
Selections  for  Translation  with  Independent  Clauses 


1 .  The  lame  Beggar 

2.  Who  commenced  the  Quarrel  ? 

3.  The  wooden  Leg 8 

4.  The  new  Town-hall 9 

u5.     The  Rat-catcher  of  Hameln 9 

5.  "  "  "  "  (continued)  ...  10 
"  "  ...  II 
«                    "                 ...  12 

9.  «             "             "         "                    "                ...  13 

10.  "  '*             "         "         (conclusion)      ...  13 

11.  The  Prescription 14 

12.  A  Letter 15 

13.  "       "       (continued^ 16 

14.  "       **                "              17 

15.  "       "       (conclusion)  . 18 


PART    IL     DEPENDENT   CLAUSES    AND    INDE- 
PENDENT  CLAUSES. 

Introductory  Remarks  on   the    Position  of  the  Verb 

IN  Dependent  Clauses  in  German    .        .        .        .21 
Exceptions  to  final  Position  of  Verb  in  Dependent  Clauses     ,       23 

Subordinating  Conjunctions 24 

Relative  Clauses 26 

Brief  Summary  of  Verb-position  in  German   .         .         .         .28 
V 


VI 


CONTENTS 


Selections  for  Translation  with    Dependent  and    Inde- 
pendent Clauses 31 

16.  Exercise  with  Dependent  and  Independent  Clauses         .  31 

17.  Exercise  with  Relative  Clauses 32 

18.  The  Horseshoe 33 

19.  Three  Asses 33 

20.  The  Merchant  and  his  Donkey 34 

21.  The  Shoemaker  and  the  Physician  .         .         .         •  35 

22.  Who  shall  Ride  ? 36 

23.  The  Sorrows  of  an  old  Woman 37 

24.  Kannitverstan 38 

25.  "  (continued) 39 

26.  "  (conclusion) 40 

27.  The  wise  Judge 41 

28.  Letter  of  a  German  Schoolboy       ...         .        .  42 

29.  «      «  «        "  «           (conclusion)           .         .  43 

30.  The  Right  Eye  or  the  Left  ? 44 

31.  A  Threat 45 

32.  The  Peasant  and  his  Son 45 

33.  The  travelUng  Scholar  in  Paradise  ....  46 

34.  "  "             "        "        "        (conclusion)       .         .  47 

35.  The  Prussian  Dodge 48 

36.  "          "  "      (conclusion).         .        -         .         .  49 

37.  George  Stephenson *  50 

»^  38.     The  Death  of  Captain  Cook 51 

-^  39.     The  Three  Rings 52 

40.  "         "  "      (continued) 52 

41.  "        ^'         "      (conclusion) 53 

VOCABULARY 57 


PART   1 


INDEPENDENT  CLAUSES 


INTRODUCTORY  REMARKS   ON   THE   POSITION  OF 

THE  VERB  IN  INDEPENDENT  CLAUSES 

IN  GERMAN. 


The  principal  rule  for  the  word-order  in  German,  in  main 
or  independent  clauses  (not  interrogative)  is,  that  the  finite 
verb  must  stand  second;  the  first  element  in  the  clause 
being  the  subject  with  its  qualifiers,  or  any  other  word  (with 
its  qualifiers)  which  for  emphasis  or  connection  with  the  pre- 
ceding sentence  stands  first. 

Thus  from  the  following  examples  it  can  be  seen  that 
even  in  ordinary  colloquial  German  any  word  (with  its  quali- 
fiers) may  begin  the  sentence,  but  that  the  finite  verb  must 
always  stand  second : 

a 

1.  SKein  33ruber  l^at  mir  geftern  ba§  33ud^  gegeBen. 
"My  brother  gave  me  the  book  yesterday." 

a 

2.  ©eftern  l^at  tnein  93ruber  tnir  ba§  33u($  gegeben. 

a 

3.  ^a§  S3ud^  l^at  mein  Sruber  mir  geftern  gegeben. 

a 

4.  Mix  'i)ai  mein  93ruber  geftern  bag  93ud^  gegeben. 

a 

5.  ©egeben  \)at  mir  mein  93ruber  geftern  bag  33ud^. 

Notice  that  the  finite  verb  in  the  above  sentences  is 
„]^at,"  not  „gegeben."  „©egeben"  is  the  past  participle  and  as 
such  stands  final  in  German,  except  in  case  of  emphasis  —  as 
in  the  last  example.  By  "finite"  or  "personal  verb"  is  meant 


4  *l^,<?'  \aE#I^  J  COMPOSITION 

that  paVt;Qf'Vhii5  ;v'erbwbicK  is  inflected  for  number  and  person. 
Thus  in  the  sentence :  ,,^'d^  tnu^l^eute  nad^  ber  ©tabt  geJ^en," 
"I  must  go  to  town  to-day,"  „tnu^"  is  the  finite  verb,  and 
therefore  stands  second  in  the  sentence;  „gel^en"  is  the  in- 
finitive, and  stands  final  according  to  the  rule  that  infinitives 
and  past  participles  stand  in  German  at  the  end  of  the  clause. 
If  we  take  the  above  five  sentences  as  answers  to  questions, 
we  easily  perceive  which  word  would  naturally  come  first  in 
German,  thus : 

1.  2Ber  l^at  ^^mn  geftern  ba§  93ud^  gegeben? 

a 

3Kettt  Sruber  ^at  mix  geftern  bag  93ud^  gegeben. 

2.  3Bann  l^at  '^^x  Sruber  '^i)mn  ba§  33ud^  gegeben  ? 

a 

©eftern  i)at  mein  Sruber  tntr  ba§  33ud^  gegeben. 

3.  S03a§  ^at  ^i)x  93ruber  ^^mn  geftern  gegeben  ? 

a 

S)a§  S3ud^  ^at  mein  Sruber  mir  geftern  gegeben. 

4.  2Sem  l^at  ^i)x  SSruber  geftern  bag  Sud^  gegeben? 

3 

3Jlir  l^at  mein  SSruber  geftern  bag  S3ud^  gegeben. 

5.  §at  ^l^r  33ruber  ^^nen  geftern  bag  '^nd)  geliel^en  ? 

9letn,  gegeben  ^at  mein  Sruber  mir  bag  33ud^. 

Thus  the  word-order  is  perfectly  logical  in  German. 

Notice  that  the  subject,  if  it  is  not  first  in  the  clause, 
generally  follows  immediately  after  the  verb;  but  it  can  be 
separated  from  the  verb  by  a  pronoun  or  even  other  words, 
as :  „S)ag  S3ud^  ^at  mir  geftern  mein  33ruber  gegeben." 


The  general  connectives : 

unb  =  and,  aber 

benn  ==  for,  fonbern 

ober  =  or,  adein 


but,  however, 


INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES  5 

do  not  count  as  first  word  or  element,  for  they  in  fact  only 
connect  the  two  sentences,  without  belonging  to  either  of 
them.     Thus : 

3l6er  er  ^at  mit  ba§  S5ud^  ntd^t  gegeBen. 
"  But  he  did  not  give  me  the  book." 

1  2 

S)ettn  ntorgen  lann  td^  nid^t  fotnmen. 
"  For  I  cannot  come  to-morrow." 

©onbern  can  be  used  only  after  a  negative,  thus : 

S)ie^  ift  nid^t  mein  S3ud^,  fonbern  3^re§. 
"This  is  not  my  book,  but  yours." 

SlUein  introduces  a  clause  which  contains  an  idea  that 
forms  a  strong  contrast  to  the  idea  of  the  preceding  clause, 
thus : 

(Sr  ^at  ba§  ®elb,  affein  er  W'xd  nid^t  be^al^Ien. 
"He  has  the  money,  but  he  won't  pay." 

Interrogative  Clauses.  —  In  interrogative  clauses  the  finite 
verb  has  the  same  position  as  in  English,  thus : 

Who  saw  you?    Sffier  l^at  ©te  gefe^en  ? 
Which  book  have  you?    2BeIc^e§  "^iwi)  l^aben  @te? 
Have  you  written  the  letter?    §abett  ©ie  ben  33rief  ge* 
fd^rieben? 


M- 


SELECTIONS   FOR  TRANSLATION 

WITH    INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES 


1.    The  lame  Beggar. 

A  poor  lame  maij  asked  ^  a  lady  for  money.  She  said 
to^  him:  "Why  do  you  not  work ^  and  earn  it?"  The 
beggar  replied  :  "I  cannot  find  work  here  *  and  I  am  too 
lame  to  seek  work."  Then^  the  lady  gave  him  some 
money.  But  the  next  day  ^  he  asked  her  again  for  more.  5 
She  looked  at  ^  him  and  said  ;  "  My  good  man,  yesterday 
you  were  limping  ^  with  the  right  leg,  but  to-day  you  are 
limping  with  the  left;  how  is  that?"  The  beggar  repHed  : 
"  I  cannot  stand  ^  limping  ^^  with  the  same  leg  more  than  a 
day,  ^^  I  get^^  too  tired.  Yesterday  I  limped  with  the  right  10 
leg,  so  to-day  I  have  to^^  Hmp  with  the  left." 

2.    Who  commenced  the  QuarreH 

A  gentleman  was  going  ^  with  his  dog  over  the^  market 
place.    A  woman  was  sitting^  there  with  hens  for  sale.     The 

1  to  ask  for  =  bitten  Utlt,  not  ftageit^  2  After  fogen,  p  is  generally 
used  if  direct  speech  follows.  ^  Say,  why  work  you  not  ?  Important 
to  notice  that  the  auxiliary  *'do  "  is  not  used  in  German.  *  Say,  I 
can  here  no  work  find.  ^  Word-order .?  see  Introductory  Remarks 
on  verb  position.  6  ^^y^  %q^^  barauf  or  ben  folgenben  Xag,  definite 
time  being  expressed  by  the  ace.  "^  an-fel^en  (sep.  prefix)  with  ace. 
8  In  German  simply  "you  limped."  ^  au^l^aften,  inf.,  hence  final ; 
cf.  n.  4.  10  ®a§  §infen.  ^^  Duration  of  time,  hence  ace.  12  j,  e. 
to  become  (toerben).    1^  i.  e.  "  I  must.  *' 

1  Cf.  i,n.  8.    2  Case? 


*      8  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

dog  killed  a  hen  and  the  gentleman  offered  the  woman 
money  for  the  loss  of  her  hen.  The  woman,  however,  de- 
manded too  much.  The  gentleman  would  ^  not  pay  so 
much  and  the  woman  wished  to  go  with  him  to  ^  the  police- 
5  court.  But  this  ^  the  gentleman  did  not  want  to  ^  do.  A 
little  boy  had  seen  and  heard  everything  and  said  to  the 
gentleman:  "Why  do  you "^  not  go  to  the  police-court? 
Your"^  dog  did  not  commence  the  quarrel,  the  hen  com- 
menced it,  for  *  your  dog  said  nothing  to  the  hen,  but  the 
10  hen  spoke  to  the  dog  first."^ 

3.    The  wooden  Leg. 

An  old  sailor  with  a  wooden  leg  was  going  home  one 
evening.^  He  had  been  having  a  good  time  ^  with  some 
old  comrades.  It  was  a  dark  night  and  he  had  to  ^  go 
down  ^  a  long  country  lane.^  The  lane  was  muddy  and  full 
15  of  small  holes.  His  wooden  leg  stuck  ^  in  one  of  these 
holes.  He,  however,  went  on  "^  walking  with  his  other  leg 
and  consequently  he  walked  around  and  around  ^  his  wooden 
leg.      His   wooden  leg  revolved  in  the  hole.      Then   he 

3  tDOEte,  not  tDitrbe.  *  auf,  ^  This  refers  to  the  whole  pre- 
ceding clause,  therefore  is  neut.  sing.  ^  Use  ttJOEen,  omitting  tOj  as 
modal-auxiliaries  in  German  are  followed  by  infinitive  without  gu. 
7  Translate  jj/^2/  by  ©te  zxi^your  by  Ql^r,  ^\ctf  ^\i\  in  the  German 
of  every-day  life  the  use  of  ^Vi  and  betn  is  mostly  confined  to- 
children,  near  relatives  or  friends  whom  one  would  address  by  their 
Christian  Names.  ^  benit,  not  filr;  beitlt  is  coordinating  conjunc- 
tion, fiir  is  preposition.      ^  Say,  first  to  the  dog. 

^  Use  gen.  of  indefinite  time  and  put  adv.  of  time  before  adv.  of 
place.  2  g^.  ^^QXi^  ftd^  gut  amiiftert  or  unterl^alten.  ^  er  mugtc. 
*  l^inabgel^en.  ^  The  ace  is  used  after  verbs  of  motion  to  denote 
distance  or  direction.  ^  blieb  ....  ftedeit.  ^  fort=fof)rcn  (sep.  pre- 
fix) followed  by  511  with  the  infinitive.     ^  um  —  ^erum. 


INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES  V 

said  to  ^  himself :  "  I  must  walk  faster,  or  I  shall  not  get 
home  ^°  to-night."  And  the  poor  old  sailor  walked  faster 
and  faster,  but  he  did  not  get  home  that  ^^  night. 

4.    The  new  Town-hall. 

The  citizens  of  a  small  town  in  Germany  built  a  town- 
hall  but  they  forgot  to  put  in  windows.  Consequently  it  5 
was  very  dark  in  the  new  town-hall  and  they  could  not  see 
one  another.^  Then  they  did  not  know^  what  to  do.^ 
One  *  said  :  "  Let  us  tear  down  the  roof."  "No,"  said  the 
others,  "  for  then  we  can  meet  only  in  ^  fine  weather."  At 
last  a  very  wise  old  man  said  :  "Why  can  we  not  carry  the  10 
light  in  sacks  into  the  town-hall,  like  water  in  buckets. 
Light  is  not  as  heavy  as  ^  water,  therefore  it  wilF  not  be 
very  hard  work.  Anyway  we  could  ^  try,  and  perhaps  we 
shall  succeed.^    The  experiment  will  at  least  cost  nothing." 

5.    The  Rat-catcher  of  Hameln. 

In  Germany  there  is^  a   little   town,  called  Hameln.^  15 
Many  hundred  years  ago  ^  there  were  very  many  rats  and 
mice  in  the  town.     They  were  everywhere,  in  the  houses 
and  warehouses,  in  the  shops  and  workshops,  in  the  stables 

9  Cf.  I,  n.  2.  10  uad)  ^avi^t  fommen.  ^^  Use  demonstrative 
bie  ;   jener  is  rarely  used  in  familiar  speech. 

1  etnanber.  ^  toi\\en  or  !entten?  ^  tt)a§  fte  madden  follten. 
*  ©titer  or  ^er  etite.  ^  bet.  ^  }o  Jc^toer  toie.  ^  Fut.  tense,  hence 
tt)trb.  ^  When  a  modal-auxiliary  in  English  stands  in  a  past  tense, 
while  referring  to  present  time,  it  is  a  subjunctive  and  should  be  trans- 
lated by  that  mood  in  German.  ^  geliltgeit  is  an  impersonal  verb 
governing  dat.;  hence  say,  will  (fut.  tense)  it  to  us  succeed. 

1  gtebt  e§,  noun  following  in  ace,  because  direct  object  of  giebt* 

§ame(n  genannt.    ^  jgo^;  tjielen  ^unbert  Qa^ren. 


10  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

and  barns,  in  the  streets  and  on  the  market-place,  even  in  the 
churches.  They  ate  or  destroyed  everything,  and  there- 
fore ^  the  poor  inhabitants  of  Hameln  were  in  great  distress. 
They  caught  and  killed  very  many,  but  of  what  use  was 

5  that?*  The  rats  and  mice  increased  every  day.^  Then 
the  town  council  met  and  thought  over  the  affair.  At 
last  one  of  the  councilmen  said  :  "  We  have  tried  every- 
thing, nobody  in  this  town  can  drive  the  rats  and  mice 
away.     Let  us  offer  a  reward  and  perhaps  somebody  will 

10  come  and  do  it  for  us."  And  so  they  offered  a  large 
reward  and  waited.  But  many  days  passed  and  nobody 
came,  and  the  rats  and  mice  increased  every  day. 

6.    The  Rat-catcher  of  Hameln  (continued)^ 

One  day  ^  a  stranger  ^  came  to  the  mayor  of  Hameln  and 
said  :  "  I  will  kill  the  rats  and  mice  in  the  town."    The  mayor 

15  looked  at  *  the  man  with  astonishment,  for  he  was  a  very 
strange  looking  ^  man.  He  was  dressed  ^  in  many  colors. 
"How  will  you  do ''it?"  said  the  mayor.  "That  is  my 
affair,"  said  the  stranger,  "  you  give  me  the  reward,  and  I 
will  kill  all  ^  the  rats  and  mice."     "  First  kill  the  rats  and 

20  mice,"  said  the  mayor,  "  and  then  you  shall  have  the  re- 
ward." The  stranger  said  nothing  more,®  but  went  out  ^^ 
on  the  street.     Here  he  drew  a  flute  out  of  his  pocket  ^^ 

*  baf)er;  (not  bafiir,  which  means  "for  it").  ^  j^^g  j^^jf  ^jjg^ 
*  Ace.  of  time. 

1  gortfe^ung.  ^  case?  ^  ein  grember,  but  ber  grembe  (ad- 
jective-noun). 4  Cf.  I,  n.  7.  fi  fettfam  auSJe^enb  (adj.  and 
hence  inflected).      ^  ^^  ^qqx   gefleibet  not  er  ttjurbe  gefleibet, 

which  would  mean  here :  "  he  was  being  dressed.  "  ^  Tnad)en,  or 
onfangen.     ^    If  all  is   followed  by  the  article  it  is  not  inflected. 

»  loeiter  mdt|t§.  10  i^inauS  or  l^eroug?    11  aug  ber  Xafd^e. 


INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES  11 

and  began  to  play  it  and  to  walk  slowly  through  the  streets. 
It  was  a  strange  tune,  and  the  inhabitants  of  Hameln  had 
never  heard  such  music.  And  so  they  all  looked  out  of 
the  houses  ^^  or  stood  in  ^^  the  streets,  and  listened  and 
wondered.  5 

7.    The  Rat-catcher  of  Hameln  (continued). 

But  also  the  rats  and  mice  heard  this  wonderful  music. 
From  the  houses  and  warehouses,  from  the  stores  and 
workshops,  from  the  stables  and  barns,  even  from  the 
churches  came  ^  the  rats  and  mice  in  ^  thousands  and 
thousands.  And  they  alP  followed  the  stranger.^  Slowly  lo 
he  marched  through  all  the  streets  and  alleys,  and  every  rat 
and  mouse  in  the  town  came  out  and  followed  him.  Near  * 
the  town  was  a  broad  river  with  a  strong  current.  The 
water  near  the  banks  was  not  deep,  but  further  out  ^  it 
gradually  became  deeper.  Towards  this  river  the  stranger  15 
marched.  He  came  to  ^  the  river,  waded  into  the  water  up 
to  ^  his  breast,  and  there  he  stood  and  played  his  flute. 
Then  into  the  water  sprang  the  rats  and  the  mice  and 
swam  towards  him.^  But  the  current  was  too  strong  for 
them  ^  and  they  were  all  drowned, ^^  or  were  ^^  carried  by  20 

12  au§  ben  §aufern  t)inau§  or  §erau§,  according  as  to  whether  the 
speaker  places  himself  inside  or  outside  the  house.  Here  we  are 
following  the  actions  of  the  stranger  as  he  goes  down  the  street,  hence 

J)erau§.    1^  auf. 

^  Notice  that  the  order  of  words  in  this  sentence  is  the  same  as 
in  English,  the  verb  comes  second.  All  the  prepositional  phrases 
preceding  the  verb  count  only  as  one  element.     2  ^jj^     3  g^y^  ^j^gy 

followed  all,  etc.    *  na^e  bet.    ^  tt)eiter  ^tnau§.    ^  an.    "^  big  an 

(ace).  8  auf  t^n  §n.  ^  Omit  prep,  and  use  dat.  Word-order.?  10  fie 
ertranfen  aUe.  ^^  Here  is  a  new  occurrence  in  the  story,  therefore 
use  tDurben;  cf.  6,  n.  6. 


12  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

the  current  down  the  river ,^^  and  thus  not  a  ^^  single  rat  nor 
mouse  remained  ^^  in  Hameln. 


8.    The  Rat-catcher  of  Hameln  (continued). 

Then  the  inhabitants  of  Hameln  were  very  happy.  The 
stranger  went  to  the  mayor  and  asked  for  ^  his  money.     But 

5  the  mayor  said :  "  That  is  too  much  money  for  so  little  ^ 
work.  You  only  played  your  flute  and  the  rats  and  mice 
followed  you  into  the  water.  Half  ^  the  money  is  enough 
for  that  work."  The  stranger  replied  ;  "I  want  all  the 
money,  or  all  the  children  of  Hameln."     Then  the  mayor 

10  became  angry  and  said  :  "  You  impudent  fellow,  either  take 
half  the  money  or  you  shall  have  nothing  at  all."*  "  I  want 
all  my  money  or  all  the  children  of  Hameln,"  repeated  the 
stranger  quietly.  The  mayor,  however,  laughed  and  said  : 
"  Our  children  will  ^  not  follow  you  Hke  the  rats  and  mice, 

15  they  are  not  so  stupid.  Take  half  the  money  and  leave  the 
town,  or  I  shall  have  ^  you  driven  out  as  a  vagabond. ""^ 
The  stranger  answered  not  a  ^  word,  but  left  the  town  the 
same  day. 

12  Use  l^inab  as  prefix  to  the  verb;  for  case  cf.  3,  n.  5.  ^^  not  a 
=  fein     1*  Use  ^nxixd  as  prefix  to  verb. 

1  Cf.  I,  n.  I.  2  jtjenig  (uninflected),  not  fleilt.  ^letn  means 
small  in  size,  iDeittg  small  in  quantity.  ^  ^(i(]^  inflects  like  an  or- 
dinary adj.  and  stands  after  the  article.  *  gar  nid)t§.  ^  tDCtbeit  or 
tt)0llen?  ^  to  have  something  done  =  ettua§  tttarf)en  laffen,  thus  : 
I  shall  have  the  letter  written  =  id)  toerbe  ben  SBrief  f d^reiben  laff en. 
7  Case?    8  Cf.  7,  n.  13. 


INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES  13 

9.    The  Kat-catcher  of  Hameln  (continued). 

Many  days  passed  and  nothing  was  seen  ^  or  heard  of 
the  stranger.  One  day  a  great  festival  was  being  ^  held  in  a 
neighboring  town  and  nearly  all  the  grown-up  ^  people  of 
Hameln  went  to  it.^  Only  the  very  old  people  and  the 
children  remained  in  the  town.  Suddenly  the  flute  of  the  5 
stranger  sounded  through  the  lonely  streets.  And  once 
more  ^  he  marched  through  the  town.  This  time  ^  however 
no  rats  and  mice  followed  him,  but  "^  children.  For  out  of 
the  houses  they  all  came  running,^  and  they  shouted,  jumped, 
and  danced  for  ^  joy.  Quicker  and  merrier  became  the  10 
music,  and  quicker  marched  the  stranger,  and  the  children 
ran  and  danced  along  behind  him.^^  The  old  people  called 
to  ^^  them  to  come  back,  but  they  seemed  to  hear  nothing 
but  ^^  the  music  of  the  stranger.  By  the  hundreds  ^^  they 
followed  him,  big  and  Httle,^*  and  not  a  single  child  re-  15 
mained  at  home. 

10.    The  Rat-catcher  of  Hameln  (conclusion). 

Some  of  the  little  children  fell,  but  they  quickly  got  up  * 
again  and  laughed  and  shouted  only  the  more.^  The  old 
people  called  and  called  and  wTung  their  hands,^  but  the 

1  Say,  one  (man)  saw  or  heard,  etc.  2  When  we  have  in  English 
a  progressive  form  of  the  verb  in  the  passive,  use  ttjetben.     ^  ertoad^* 

fen.  *  bal^in.  ^  nod^  einntat.  ^  ^j^fe^  SJ^al  or  bie^ntaL  '^  Use  fon* 
bern  after  a  negative,  if  the  contrast  is  to  be  emphasized.  ^  After 
f  ontnten  the  verb  expressing  the  manner  of  motion  is  in  the  past  par- 
ticiple. 9  t)or.  i<^  l^inter  SS)m  ^tx.  11  to  call  to  a  man  =  einem 
SUlanne  p=rufen.  12  nid^tS  oS.^,  ^^  p  l^nnberten.  i*  Adjectives  in 
apposition  —  therefore  no  grammatical  ending  in  German. 
1  auf^ftel^en.    2  ^-^  fo  mei^r.    »  51^  §anbe. 


14  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 

merry  children's  voices  *  drowned  ^  their  feeble  cries.  And 
still  louder  than  ^  the  children's  voices  sounded  the  shrill 
flute  of  the  stranger.  Thus  the  procession  went  merrily 
out  of  the  town  towards  the  river.  They  came  to  *^  the  river, 
5  but  this  time  the  stranger  did  not  go  into  the  water.  He 
turned  ^  and  marched  towards  a  hill,  and  all  the  children 
behind  him.  Suddenly  the  hill  opened  ^  and  a  big  cave 
appeared.  Into  the  cave  marched  the  stranger,  and  into 
the  cave  went  all  the  children,  shouting,  jumping,  and 
lo  dancing  for  joy.  Then  the  hill  closed,  and  neither  the 
stranger  nor  the  children  were^^  ever  seen  again.  Thus 
the  inhabitants  of  Hameln  got  rid  of  their  rats  and  mice 
for  nothing,^^  but  also  of  their  children. 

!!•    The  Prescription. 

A  man  in  a  cart,  drawn  ^  by  two  oxen,  stopped  ^  in  front 
15  of  ^  a  drug  store,  got  down,  and  lifted  a  large  door  out  of 
the  cart  and  carried  it  into  the  store.  "  What  do  you  want 
with  that  door  here?"  said  the  druggist,  "  I  have  neither 
ordered  a  door,  nor  is  this  a  carpenter's  shop."  "That's 
all  right,"^  said  the  man  with  the  door,  "my  wife  is  very 
20  ill  and  the  doctor  came  last  night  and  wanted  to  write  out  ^ 
a  prescription  for  her,^  but  he  had  no  pencil,  and  we  only 
had  a  piece  of  chalk  in  the  house.     So  he  wrote  the  pre- 

*  ^inberftimmen.  ^  ubertonen  (insep.).  ^  After  a  comparative 
the  English  t/ian  is  al§.  ^  Cf.  7,  n.  6.  ^  to  turn  is  here  intransitive, 
hence  not  tueitbcn,  but  ftcE)  trenbeit.  ^  fic^  offnen,  cf.  n.  8  above. 
10  njaren  or  tuurben?  11  umfonft. 

1  Say,  in  a  by  two  oxen  drawn  cart,  making  drawn  an  adj.  and  in- 
flecting it  as  such,  thus :  a  house  built  by  my  father  =  eilt  tJOlt  ntei= 

Item  SSater  gebaute§  |)au§.    2  i^alten.    ^  in  front  of,  t)or.    *  ©d^on 
gut.    ^  tjerfd^reibcn.    ^  Use  dat.,  omit  prep. 


INDEPENDENT   CLAUSES  15 

scription  on  "^  the  door.     None  of  us  at  home  can  ^  read 
or  write,  therefore  I  have  brought  you  the  door." 

This  same  man  was  very  fond  of  ^  sitting  late  in  the  vil- 
lage inn.  His  wife  scolded  him  and  said  one  day  :  ^*Tonight 
I  shall  lock  the  house-door  at  ten  o'clock."  But  what  did 
the  man  do?  Why/^  he  took  the  house-door  off  ^^  its  hinges 
and  carried  it  with  him  ^^  into  the  inn.  So  his  wife  could 
not  lock  the  door. 


12.    A  Letter. 

Berlin,  June  loth,^  1901. 
My  Dear  Father,^ 

Yesterday  I  arrived  safe  and  sound  in  Berlin.  One  of  10 
my  cousins  met  me  at  the  ^  station  and  we  went  then  at 
once  to  my  uncle's  house.*  We  took  a  cab  and  it  seemed 
to  me  ^  a  long  drive  from  the  station.  We  could  not  talk 
much,  for  my  cousin  does  not  speak  very  much  EngHsh, 
and  I  cannot  speak  very  much  German.  But  my  German  15 
will  soon  improve,  for  now  I  shall  hear  nothing  but  ^  Ger- 
man.    My  uncle  said  to  me  last  night'^ :     "You  ^  must  not 

■^  an.  Case  ?  8  $8et  un§  !ann  nieinanb.  ^  Say,  sat  very  gladly 
(gem)*  ^^  Why  or  well  as  an  interjection  is  tlUlt.  ^^  au§.  ^^  Use 
ttlit  as  prefix  to  verb  and  omit  pronoun,  thus :  He  took  his  books 

with  him  =  ©r  nal^ttt  feine  SBiid^er  mtt. 

1  In  dating  a  letter  the  ace,  of  def.  time  is  used,  thus  May  2nd  = 
b.  2.  9Rai  {\ityi  §tt)eiten  3JJai).  ^  Use  note  of  exclamation  after 
SSater  and  place  the  words  in  the  middle  of  the  line.  ^  jjj^^  4  g^y^ 
to  (narf))  the  house  of  my  uncle.  SD^eilte^  OttfeB  §aug  would  be 
poetical.  ^  Use  dat.,  omit  prep.  ^  cf.  9,  n.  12.  "^  geftem  5lbenb. 
In  German  ^^^i  is  not  used  in  the  sense  of  "  evening  "  as  in  Eng- 
lish. Thus :  ^ejtern  ^Ibenb  tuar  id)  im  X^eater,  but  geftern  S^ad^t 
l^abe  i(^  gut  gefi^lafen.   ^  S)u  or  ©ie? 


16  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 

talk  English  with  your  cousins,  only  German.  Learn  Ger- 
man first  and  then  you  can  teach  your  cousins  ^  English." 
The  girls  are  very  talkative  and  really  quite  pretty,  so  I 
ought  ^^  soon  to  learn  German,  and  then  I  shall  teach  them 
5  English.  I  cannot  write  you  much  about  ^^  my  German 
relatives  yet,  for  I  saw  them  only  last  night  and  early  this 
morning  at  ^^  breakfast.  I  was  very  tired  last  night.  The 
steamer  arrived  at  ^^  Hamburg  at  6  a.  m.,^*  therefore  all  the 
passengers  had  to  get  up  very  early. 

13.     A  Letter  (continued). 

10  We  had  a  very  pleasant  voyage.  There  were  *  several 
young  fellows  among  ^  the  passengers  and  so  we  really  had 
a  jolly  time  on  board.  I  was  sea-sick  only  the  first  day, 
but  then  ^  nearly  everybody  was  sick  that  day,  for  the  sea 
was  pretty  rough  and  it  was  blowing  quite  hard.*     I  heard 

15  the  captain  say  ^  to  a  passenger  :  "  This  is  the  worst  ^  storm 
this  year."  But  the  passenger  laughed  and  said  :  "  Cap- 
tain,^ you  always  tell  your  passengers  that."^  "  Well,"^ 
laughed  the  captain,  "  they  always  like  ^^  to  hear  it."  Most 
of  the  ^^  passengers  were  Americans ;  there  were  a  few  Ger- 

20  mans,  but  they  all  spoke  English,  and  so  I  did  not  hear 
much  German  on  board.  But  the  stewards  were  Germans 
and  I  spoke  a  little  German  with  them.  My  cabin-steward 
said  to  me  :  "  You  speak  like  a  German."     But  perhaps  he 

^  lel^ren  takes  double  accus.  10  foEte  id),  cf.  2,  n.  6.  11  iibet 
(ace).    ^2  Beim.    is  in.    1*  unt  6  U^r  aJiorgen^. 

1  @§  tt)aren.    2  unter.    ^  freilid^.    *  red)t  ftarf.    ^  Infin.,  hence 

*    final.    6  \^^x,  fc^Iimmfte.     "^  §err  ©apitan.    ^  \i^^,  here  emphatic, 

hence  place  first  in  the  clause.     »  Cf.  11,  n.  10.    i^  Use  gem,  thus: 

I  like  to  do  it  =  ic^  t^ue  eg  gem.    ^^  bie  meiften. 


INDEPENDENT    CLAUSES  17 

wanted  a  good  tip,  for  I  heard  him  say  the  same  to  a  lady, 
and  she  spoke  an  awful  German  ^^  even  I  could  hear  that. 


14.     A  Letter  (continued). 

I  spent  nearly  a  whole  day  in  Hamburg  and  it  was  worth 
while.^  One  of  the  passengers,  a  young  German,  took  me 
with  him  ^  and  showed  me  the  prettiest  parts  of  the  town.  5 
In  the  old  part  some  of  the  streets  are  very  narrow  and  the 
houses  come  close  together  at  the  top,^  just  as  ^  in  pictures 
of  towns  in  the  middle  ages.  The  new  part  of  the  town  is 
very  beautiful,  for  it  is  built  around  a  lake.  But  I  won't 
give  you  a  long  description,  or  else  my  brother  Tom  will  10 
say  :  "  Oh,  he  copied  ^  that  from  ^  his  guide-book."  — .  We 
had  dinner  ^  in  the  Ratskeller,  under  the  new  Rathaus,  the 
finest  building  ^  in  the  city.  It  was  a  very  good  dinner, 
but  not  cheap.  My  German  acquaintance  wanted  to  pay, 
but  I  would  not  permit  ^  it,  for  he  had  said  to  me  once  on  15 
the  steamer :  "  I  like  America,  but  I  did  not  make  ^°  my 
fortune  there.  I  am  going  back  poorer  than  I  came." 
Altogether  I  do  not  find  living  ^^  in  Germany  so  very  cheap. 
I  have  been  here  only  a  day,  and  I  have  only  a  few  marks 
left.i2  20 

12  ^eutfd^,  neut. 

1  bet  SD^ii^e  (gen.)  toert.    2  cf.  n,  n.  12.    »  oBen.  *  gerabc  tote. 

s  Say,  he  has  copied.  The  perfect  tense  is  used,  especially  in  the 
spoken  language,  for  reporting  a  fact  in  the  past ;  thus  :  I  saw  your 
friend  yesterday  =  :g(J)  '\)<x\it  Q^iren  g^^eunb  geftern  gefel^eit.  ^  ^^g^ 
7  to  have  dinner  =  §u  9Jlittag  eff en.  ^  Case  ?  ^  pJaffen.  i<>  Cf .  n. 
5  above.  11  \i^^  Sebetl,  the  verbal  noun  is  formed  in  German  from 
the  infin.  with  „\iQ&J'    12  itj^ng. 


18  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

15.     A  Letter  (conclusion). 

To-day  is  the  tenth  and  I  have  spent  nearly  all  my  pocket 
money  for  this  month.  Cannot  you  or  ^  mother  send  me  a 
few  dollars  before  the  first,  and  next  month  ^  I  will  try  to 
meet  my  expenses.^  I  shall  write  mother  a  long  letter 
5  to-morrow,  and  then  I  can  tell  her  more  about  *  her  rela- 
tions here.  I  wrote  her  a  postal-card  on  the  steamer  ^  and 
mailed  it  in  Hamburg.  The  stewards  sold  very  pretty 
postal-cards  on^  board  and  I  bought  several.  All  my 
luggage  arrived  here  in  good  condition,  I  have  lost  nothing, 
10  not  even  ^  my  umbrella.  It  is  raining  here  to-day,  but  we 
are  going  this  afternoon  to  "^  the  picture-gallery,  so  it  does 
not  matter.®  My  uncle  said  last  night :  "  You  had  better  ^ 
study  in  the  morning  ^°  and  then  in  the  afternoon  you  can 
go  with  your  cousins  to  see  the  town."  So  I  must  close 
15  now  and  get  to  work.^^  Next  time  ^^  I  shall  write  you  a 
German  letter.  Please  do  not  forget  about^^  the  money. 
With  love  to  ^^  all. 

Your  loving  son,^^ 

Jack, 

1  Repeat  the  verb  in  German ;  why  ?  2  Acc.  of  time.  ^  ttlit  bent 
©elbe  au^^ufomnten.  *  t)on.  ^  auf  bent  ^ant^fer,  but  am  SBorb. 
«  ni(i)t  einmal.  "^  nad^   ^  f^  m^^i  e§  nii^tg  au§,  or  fo  tl^ut  e§  nirf)tg. 

®  %Vi  foUteft  lieber.     '^^  Gen.  of  time.     11  to  get  to  work  =  ftcf)  ail 

bte  5Irbeit  madden.    12  ^jjg  nd^fte  SOlal.     i^  ttJegcn.    "  ntit  QJrug 
an.    15  2)ein  2)id&  liebenber  ©o^n. 


PART  n 

DEPENDENT  AND   INDEPENDENT 
19  CLAUSES 


INTRODUCTORY   REMARKS   ON   THE   POSITION  OF 

THE  VERB  IN  DEPENDENT  CLAUSES 

IN  GERMAN. 


A  dependent  clause  is  one  which  depends  on  another  clause 
for  its  meaning.  Thus,  in  the  sentence,  "  When  I  was  in  town 
yesterday,  I  met  your  friend,"  the  first  clause  is  the  dependent, 
and  the  second  the  independent  or  principal  clause.  For 
"when  I  was  in  town  yesterday,"  by  itself,  is  not  a  complete 
statement  of  a  fact,  it  is  dependent  on  "  I  met  your  friend  " 
for  its  full  meaning.  Whereas  "  I  met  your  friend  "  can  stand 
alone,  as  a  complete  statement  of  a  fact,  and  therefore  is  a 
principal  or  independent  clause. 

In  German,  a  dependent  clause  is  easily  recognised  by 
the  final  position  of  the  finite  verb ;  moreover,  the  dependent 
clause  is  always  seperated  from  the  principal  clause  by  a 
comma.  Such  however  is  not  the  case  in  English ;  hence  it  is 
very  important  to  be  able  to  recognise  a  dependent  clause  in 
English,  when  translating  from  English  into  German,  so  that 
the  finite  verb  may  be  correctly  placed  at  the  end. 

Thus  in  German  the  above  sentence  would  be  : 

311^  id)  geftern  in  ber  ©tabt  toax,  traf  id^  3()ren  greunb. 
"When  I  yesterday  in  town   was,  met  I     your  friend." 

Notice  that  in  the  principal  clause,  following  the  dependent, 
the  verb  comes  first.  The  reason  for  this  is  that  the  whole 
dependent  clause  counts  as  one  element,  therefore  the  verb 


22  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

in  the  principal  clause  has  really  the  second  position  in  the 
whole  sentence. 

Compare  these  sentences  : 

1st  element  2nd  element 


3(fe  td^  in  ber  ©tabt  )^ax,     traf     id^  Ql^ren  g^reunb, 

1st  element        2nd  element 


3n  ber  ©tabt     traf     id)  "^^xtn  g^reunb, 

1st  element  2nd  element 


3BeiI  id)  Uxn  ©elb  \)ab^,     tann     id)  ba§  ^nd)  nid)i  laufen. 

1st  element     2nd  element 


D\)n^  ©elb      iann     id)  ba§  Sud^  nid^t  faufen. 

The  principal  rules  for  the  German  verb-position  are 
therefore  : 

1.  In  independent  clauses  the  finite  verb  comes  second. 

2.  In  dependent  clauses  the  finite  verb  comes  last. 

If  the  verb  in  a  dependent  clause  is  in  a  compound  tense, 
then  the  finite  verb  (the  auxiliary),  according  to  the  rule  above, 
stands  last ;  the  past  participle  or  infinitive  standing  before  it, 
thus : 

3lad)\>zm  er  ben  SSrief  gefd^rieben  l^atte,  gtng  er  a\x^. 
"  After  he  had  written  the  letter  he  went  out.'* 

^d^  glaube,  ba^  e§  morgen  regnen  tt)irb. 
"  I  think  that  it  will  rain  to-morrow." 

If  an  infinitive  accompanies  the  finite  verb  in  a  dependent 
clause,  the  same  rule  is  observed,  thus : 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  23 

@r  fd^tcfte  ben  5!Jlann,  h)eil  er  m($t  felbft  lommen  fonnte. 
"  He  sent  the  man,  because  he  could  not  come  himself." 

®r  ging  felbft,  n)eil  fein  SSruber  nid^t  ju  ge^en  h)unfd^te. 
"He  went  himself  because  his  brother  did  not  wish  to  go." 


Exceptions  to  final  Position  of  Verb  in  Dependent  Clauses. 

1 .  In  dependent  clauses  with  „ba^"  omitted,  the  verb  stands 
second,  thus : 

@r  fagt,  er  lonne  morgen  nid^t  fommen. 
"  He  says  he  cannot  come  tomorrow.'* 
(but,  ba^  er  morgen  ni^t  lommen  lonne). 

(gr  meinte,  \<i)  ^'diU  ben  Srief  gefd^rieben. 
"  He  thought  I  had  written  the  letter." 
(but,  ba^  id^  ben  SSrief  gefd^rieben  ^dtte). 

2.  Instead  of  Wtnn  ((f),  with  the  verb  final,  the  verb  can 
be  placed  first  and  the  conjunction  omitted ;  this  construction 
corresponds  to  the  English,  as  : 

Had  I  the  time,  I  should  go  =  §dtte  td^  bie  S^xt,  fo  toiirbe 
id)  ge^en. 

Notice  that  fo  is  used  in  this  case  at  beginning  of  principal 
clause. 

3.  When,  in  a  dependent  clause,  a  compound  tense  of  a 
modal  auxiliary  is  used  with  the  infinitive  of  another  verb, 
then  the  finite  verb  stands  before  the  infinitive  and  past 
participle,  thus : 

2Benn  er  h)irfUd^  ^dtte  fommen  tootten,  n)dre  er  gefommen  = 
If  he  had  really  wanted  to  come,  he  would  have  come. 


24  GERMAN  COMPOSITION 

®r  tarn  unerit)artet,  ii:)eil  er  nid^t  ^atte  fdE)rei6en  fonnen  =  He 
came  unexpectedly,  because  he  had  not  been  able  to  write. 

9lad^bem  er  ba§  ^an^  ^atte  bauen  laffen,  fonnte  er  nid^t  bafiir 
bej allien  =  After  he  had  had  the  house  built,  he  could  not  pay 
for  it. 

Subordinating   Conjunctions. 

A  dependent  or  subordinate  clause  is  generally  introduced 
by  a  subordinating  conjunction  or  by  a  relative  pronoun.  The 
principal  subordinating  conjunctions  are  : 

aU,  as,  when.  nac^bem,  after. 

al§  ob,      I       ..  oh,  whether,  (if). 

f  "'7'-*""  'l^^'^'    {although. 

^'""^'1  before.  obmo^I      | 


eit,        ) 
eitbetn,  J 


e^e,     j  fett, 

bi§,  until.  jeitbetn 

ba,  as,  since.  treil,  because. 

batntt,  in  order  that.  ttjenn,  if,  whenever,  when. 

ha^,  that,  so  that.  tDal^renb,  while. 


faK^,  in  case.  tote,  how. 

intoiefern,    )  ,        .  tvo,  where. 

.  '.       Y  how  far. 
inirietDett,    J  tt)ann,  when. 

inbetn,  while. 


It  can  therefore  be  stated  as  a  rule  that,  after  these 
subordinating  conjunctions,  the  finite  verb  must  always  be 
placed  at  the  end  of  the  clause  introduced  by  them. 

®a,  it)ie,  tvo  and  tvann  can,  however,  also  be  adverbs ;  in 
which  case,  of  course,  the  verb  comes  second,  thus  : 

aSie  gefjt  e^  i^m?  but :  ^c^  h)et^  nid^t,  h)ie  e^  i^m  gel^t. 
aBo  ift  er  ?  but :  ^(^  it)ei^,  lt)o  er  i[t. 


DEPENDENT    CLAUSES  25 

SBann  lommt  er  morgen?  but :  SBiffen  ©ie,  tt)ann  er  tnorgen 
lommt  ? 

S)a  ift  er !  There  he  is^  but :  S)a  er  l^ier  ift.  As  he  is 
here. 

Remarks  on  the  Use  of  some  Subordinating  Conjunctions. 

AS. 

1.  The  English  conjunction  as^  when  it  expresses  time  in 
the  past,  is  aB  or  tt)te,  thus  : 

As  I  was  going  home,  I  met  a  friend  =  211^  (^rtt)ie)  id^ 
nad^  §aufe  ging,  traf  id^  einen  ^reunb* 

2.  But,  when  ^i*  expresses  reason  or  cause,  it  is  ®a,  thus : 
As  I  have  no  money,  I  cannot  buy  the  book  =  S)a  id^  fein 

©elb  l^abe,  fann  td^  ba§  33ud^  nid^t  !aufen. 

WHEN. 

1.  The  English  when^  referring  to  a  single  action,  condition, 
or  event  in  the  past,  is  afe,  thus  : 

When  I  came  home,  I  went  to  bed  =  2lt§  \i)  X\.(xi)  §aufe 
lam,  gtng  \&}  ju  Sett. 

2.  Referring  to  present  and  future  time,  or  in  the  sense  of 
whenever,  it  is  tt)enn,  thus  : 

When  he  comes  this  evening,  you  can  see  him  =  '^zxva  er 
l^eute  3l6enb  lommt,  lonnen  ©ie  il^n  fe^en. 

Whenever  he  came  to  the  house,  the  door  was  locked  = 
"^txm  er  nad^  bem  §aufe  lam,  tr)ar  bie  3::^ur  ijerfc^Ioffen. 

3.  When  an  interrogative  adverb,  it  is  JDann,  thus : 

He  asked  me  when  he  could  come  =  @r  fragte  mid^,  tDann 
er  lommen  fonnte. 


26  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 

IF. 

1.  The  English  if^  when  interchangable  with  whether^  there- 
fore in  indirect  questions,  is  06,  thus  : 

He  asked  me  if  (whether)  I  could  come  =  @r  fragte  tnid^, 
ob  \i)  fommen  fonnte. 

2.  Otherwise  denoting  condition,  it  is  tt)enn,  thus  : 

If  he  were  here,  we  should  see  him  =  SBettn  er  l^ier  iDdre, 
iDiirben  tDir  i^n  fe^en. 

AFTER. 

The  conjunction  after  is  nad^bem,  but  the  preposition  after 
is  nad^,  thus : 

After  he  had  written  the  letter  he  went  out  ==  9tad^bem  er 
ben  SSrief  gefi^rieben  l^alte,  ging  er  au§. 

But :  He  came  after  three  o'clock  =  (Sr  fam  nad^  brei  IXI^r. 

SINCE. 

If  since  refers  to  time,  it  is  f  eit  or  f  eitbem  ;  but,  if  it  expresses 
reason,  it  is  ba,  thus  : 

Since  he  has  been  out,  nobody  has  been  here  =  ©eit  {or 
feitbem)  er  tt)eg  ift,  ift  niemanb  ^ier  gett)efen.  —  Since  you  are 
here,  you  can  stay  =*=  2)a  ©ie  l^ier  finb,  fonnen  ©ie  bleiben. 


Relative  Clauses. 

Relative  clauses,  being  dependent  clauses,  have  the  finite 
verb  always  at  the  end.  A  relative  clause  is  introduced  by  a 
relative  pronoun.     The  relative  pronouns  in  German  are  : 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  27 

Singular.  Plural. 

Nom.  ber,  bie  bag  bie  or  tt)eld^e. 

^z-  iDcId^er,  tDcld^e,  tt)elc^e§. 
Gen,  beffen,  beren,  beffen.  beren. 

Bat.  bem,  ber,  bem  benen  or  tDeld^en. 

^r  tt)e((^em,  tt)eld^er,  toelc^em 
Ace.  ben,  bie  ba§  bie  or  tDeld^e. 

^r  tt)eld^en,  tt^eld^e,  ti:)el(^eg. 

The  relative  pronoun  in  German,  as  in  English,  takes  its 
gender  and  number  from  the  word  to  which  it  relates,  but  its 
case  from  the  relative  clause  itself,  thus : 

I  did  not  see  the  man  who  was  here  =  3^  Ejabe  ben  W.axm 
nid^t  gefe^en,  ber  {or  t^eld^er)  ^ier  'voocc. 

The  man  whom  you  saw  is  my  friend  =  Set  "^(kXiXi,  ben 
{or  tt)el(^en)  ©ie  gefe^en  ^aben,  tft  mein  g^reunb. 

The  woman  whose  child  is  sick  is  here  ==  2)te  %X<X\x,  beren 
^inb  frani  tft,  ift  ^ter* 

The  boy  whose  book  you  have  is  my  brother  ==  2)er  ^nabe, 
beffen  Sud^  ©ie  l^aben,  ift  mein  Sruber. 

The  pronouns  tt)er,  {who)  and  tt)a§,  {what)  are  used  as 
relatives  only  when  they  stand  for  an  antecedent  and  relative 
combined,  or  relate  to  a  word  having  a  general  or  indefinite 
meaning,  as : 

Whoever  {he  who)  told  you  this  did  not  tell  the  truth  = 
3Ber  ^^nen  biefe§  fagte,  f^^rad^  nid^t  bie  SBa^r^eit ;  but :  The 
man,  who  told  it  you  =  Set  51Jlann,  bet,  etc. 

He  has  lost  all  that  he  had  =  @r  ^di  atleg,  tt)a§  er  I^atte, 
i)erIoren  ;  but :  He  has  lost  the  money  that  he  had  =  @r  l^at 
bag  ©elb,  bag  er  l^atte,  berloren. 


28  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

My  friend  succeeded,  which  pleased  me  very  much  =  ©^ 
gelang  meinem  greunbe,  toa^  mid^  fel^r  freute. 

The  relative  cannot  be  omitted,  as  in  English,  thus : 
The  man  I  know  =  ®er  Mann,  ben  id)  fenne. 
The  books  we  read  =  2)ie  Siid^er,  bie  tt)ir  lefen. 

If  a  preposition  stands  before  a  relative  pronoun  which 
relates  to  an  inanimate  object,  a  compound  of  the  preposition 
with  tt)0  is  generally  used,  as  : 

The  table,  on  which  it  stood  =  ®er  S^ifd^,  tt)orauf  e§  ftanb. 

The  house,  in  which  he  lived  =  S)ag  Qan^,  Woxin  er 
lt)o^nte* 

Brief  Summary  of  Verb-position  in  German. 

Three  positions  are  possible  for  the  finite  verb  in  German, 
viz : 

I.  Verb  first.  This  position  of  verb  coincides  with  the 
English.     It  is  used  in  (i)  interrogative  sentences  : 

§abett  @ie  bag  ^ui)  ?  =  Have  you  the  book? 

(2)  imperative  :  Sommen  ©ie  ^er  =  Come  here. 

(3)  optative  :  §dtte  ic^  nut  bie  3^it !  =  Had  I  only  time  ! 

(4)  conditional :  §atte  id^  bie  3^i^/  f*^  it)urbe  id)  lommen  == 
Had  I  the  time  I  should  come. 

II.  Verb  second.  This  is  the  usual  position  for  the  finite 
verb  in  independent  clauses,  not  belonging  to  I. 

©eft em  lam  er  =  Yesterday  he  came. 
6r  fam  geftern  =  He  came  yesterday. 
§ier  bin  ic^  =  Here  I  am. 
^a  ift  er  =  There  he  is. 


DEPENDENT    CLAUSES  29 

By  "verb  second"  is  of  course  understood  that  the  first  ele- 
ment may  really  consist  of  many  words,  or  even  a  whole  clause, 
provided  these  words  are  so  closely  related  as  to  form  one 
element  of  the  sentence,  thus  : 

1st  element  2nd  element 

Son  aUzn  )8^xWanhUn  unb  g'reunben  i^abt  id)  33rtefe  be^ 
fommen  =  I  have  received  letters  from  all  relatives  and 
friends. 

1st  element  2nd  element 

31I§  er  tt)eg  ging,  mad^te  er  bie  %\)ixx  §u  =  When  he  went 
away  he  shut  the  door. 

1st  element  2nd  element 

3n  ber  §eimat,  M  feinen  lieben  gltern,  berbrac^te  er  bie  o^lM^ 
lid^ften  ©tunben  =  In  his  native  place,  with  his  beloved 
parents,  he  spent  the  happiest  hours. 

III.  Verb  last.  This  is  the  position  for  the  finite  verb  in 
dependent  clauses : 

?tac^bem  er  einen  langen  Srief  an  feinen  aSater  gefd^rieben 
l^atte,  ging  er  au§  =  After  he  had  written  a  long  letter  to  his 
father  he  went  out. 

The  auxiliary  verb  is  frequently  omitted  in  dependent 
clauses,  thus : 

(gr  fragte  mid^,  ob  x^  !ran!  gett)efen  (fei)  =  He  asked  me 
whether  I  had  been  ill. 

Seitbem  er  ^ier  gelDefen  (ift),  hjet^  id^  alle§  =  Since  he  has 
been  here  I  know  all. 


SELECTIONS   FOR  TRANSLATION 

WITH    DEPENDENT    AND    INDEPENDENT 
CLAUSES 


16,    Exercise  with  Dependent  and  Independent  Clauses. 

[In  this  exercise  the  punctuation  is  given  for  the  German,  viz:  the 
dependent  clause  is  separated  from  the  principal  clause  by  a  comma.  ] 

As  ^  I  was  writing  the  letter,  my  friend  came.  —  As  ^  he 
has  no  pen,  he  cannot  write  the  letter.  —  Before  he  could 
do  it,  it  was  already  done.  —  Please  wait,  until  he  comes 
to-morrow.  —  The  speaker  spoke  very  loud,  in  order  that 
everybody  might  ^  hear  him.  —  He  spoke,  as  if  he  knew  ^  5 
all.  —  The  man  told  her,  that  he  could  ^  not  come  to- 
day. —  In  case  you  see  him  to-morrow,  please  tell  him, 
that  we  cannot  come. —  I  do  not  know,  how  far  he  is 
right.^  —  While  she  was  waiting  for  ^  you,  she  read  the 
letter.  —  He  opened  the  window,  after  "^  he  had  shut  the  10 
door,  —  The  teacher  asked  the  pupil,  if  (whether)  he 
had®  learnt  his  lesson.  —  Although  it  was  raining,  he 
went  out.  —  Since  her  mother  has  been  ^  ill,  she  has  not 
been  here.  —  Because  the  poor  woman  was  ill,  she  could 
not  work.  —  If  the  boy  had  time,  he  would  study.  —  15 
Whenever  I  meet  him,  he  is  glad  to  see  me.  —  When  ^° 
my  friend  came,  my  brother  went  away.  —  The  stranger 
asked,  how  he  could  get  to  the  nearest  village. —  I  do 
not  know,  where  he  is  to-day.  —  He  asked  me,  when  they 
were  coming.^^  20 

1  51B  or  S)a?  see  p.  25.      2  fonnte.       ^  mood?       4  Subj.  why? 

^  9led^t  f)at  ^  auf  (ace).  "^  nac^  omad^bem  ?  see  p.  26.  «  mood  ? 
^  In  German  the  present  tense  is  used  to  denote  that  which  was  and 
still  is.    10  5ll§,  toenn  or  tuann?  see  p.  25.    11  mood  ? 

31 


32  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 


17.    Exercise  with  Relatiye  Clauses  (see  pp.  26-28). 

[Punctuation  is  given  for  the  German,  relative  clauses  being  separated 
from  principal  clauses  by  a  comma.] 

The  man,  who  is  here,  is  my  friend.  —  The  woman, 
who  is  so  ill,  is  very  poor  and  old.  —  The  child,  which 
is  playing  in  the  garden,  is  his  sister.  —  The  boy,  whose 
mother  you  met  yesterday,  goes  to   the  same  school.  — 

5  Mrs.  Brown,  whose  son  is  the  famous  author,  lives  in  this 
city.  —  The  house,  the  roof  of  which  you  can  see  from 
here,^  is  an  hotel.  —  My  father,  to  whom  I  read  ^  the 
long  letter,  listened  attentively  but  said  nothing.  —  The 
woman,  to  whom  I  gave  the  money,  has  lost  her  husband.  — 

10  The  room,  in  which  he  slept,  had  two  small  windows.  — 
His  brother,  whom  he  had  not  seen  for  a  long  time,^  arrived 
to-day.  —  The  lady,  whom  you  saw,  was  not  my  mother.  — 
You  have  not  returned  the  book,  which  I  lent  you  two 
years  ago.  —  Those  boys,  who  have  not  learnt  their  les- 

15  son,  are  lazy.  —  The  books,  which  are  lying  on  the  table, 
are  mine,  —  The  houses,  which  were  burnt  down*  last 
night,  were  not  insured.  —  The  pupils,  whose  exercises 
are  badly  written,  must  copy  them  again.  —  The  child- 
ren,   to   whom   he   gave   toys,  were   very   happy.  —  The 

20  hills,  which  you  see,  are  very  high.  —  I  do  not  know, 
what  he  said.  —  Whoever  speaks,  must  speak  loud.  —  He 
has  lost  all,  that  he  had.  —  He  learnt  his  lesson  well, 
which  pleased  me  very  much.^ 

>  1  t)On  f)kx  au§.  ^  t)or=Iefen.  Omit  prep,  and  use  dat.  8  felt 
langer  geit.  *  to  be  burnt  down  =  ab=brennen.  Remember  that 
the  separable  prefix  does  not  separate  in  dependent  clauses  with  the 
verb  final.    ^  Omit  "much." 


DEPENDENT   C]LAUSES  33 

18.    The  Horseshoe. 

On  ^  a  hot  summer  day  a  peasant  rode  to  ^  a  distant 
village  to  sell  some  horses.  He  had  taken  his  little  son 
with  him.  After  he  had  sold  the  horses  he  went  home  on  ^ 
foot.  While  he  was  walking  along  he  saw  a  horseshoe 
lying  on  the  ground.^  "  Look  there,"  said  he  to  his  son,  5 
"there  lies  a  horseshoe  !  Pick  it  up  and  take  it  homef." 
"  Oh,"  said  the  son,  "  that  is  not  worth  while,  it  is  only  an 
old  horseshoe."  Then  the  father  picked  it  up  himself.  ^ 
When  they  came  to  the  next  village  he  sold  it  to  the  black- 
smith and  bought  some  cherries  with  the  money.  After  10 
they  had  ^  walked  a  few  miles  the  son  became  very  thirsty. 
But  no  houses  were  in  sight,  and  therefore  he  could  get 
nothing  to  drink.  He  was  walking  behind  his  father  very 
tired  and  thirsty  when  he  saw  a  cherry  lying  on  the  ground. 
Quickly  he  picked  it  up  and  put  it  in  his  mouth.  A  little  15 
further  he  saw  another  cherry  "^  which  he  likewise  picked  up  ^ 
and  ate.  And  so  it  went  on  until  all  the  cherries  were 
eaten  up.  Then  the  father  said  to  his  son  :  "  If  you  had  ^ 
picked  up  the  horseshoe,  you  need  not  have  picked  up 
all  the  cherries.  "^^  ,20 

19.    Three  Asses. 

Three  young  students  who  thought  themselves  ^  very  witty, 
were  taking  a  walk  ^  one  day  in  ^  the  country,  when  they  met 
a  serious-looking  old  pedler.     Thinking*  that  they  could 

1  an.    2  jxad).  ^  ^u.    Say,  on  foot  home.    *  (^^f  5gj.  (5j.5e  He  gen. 

^  felbft.      ^  Intransitive  verbs  denoting  motion  take  fein.      ^  noc^ 

eine^trf^e.    »  Cf.  17,  n.  4.    9  mood?    10  fo  ptteft  %vl  ntd)t  aU 
bie  ^irfd)en  auf^uiCieben  braud&en. 
1  ftd^  f)alt^n  fiir.    2  use  f|)a5teren  ge^en.    ^  ^nl.    *  Say,  as  they 

thought. 


34  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

make  fun  of  him  ^  the  one  said  :  "  Good  morning,^  father 
Abraham!"  But  the  old  man  said  not  a  word.  "Good 
morning,  father  Isaac  !"  shouted  the  second  student.  As 
the  old  man  did  not  answer  the  third  student  called  to  "^ 
5  him  :  "  Good  morning,  father  Jacob  !"  Then  the  old  man 
looked  at  them  quietly  and  seriously  and  said  :  "I  am 
neither  Abraham,  nor  Isaac,  nor  Jacob,  but  Saul,  the  son  of 
Kis,  who  went  out  to  seek  his  father's  asses,  and  behold  !  ^ 
here  have  I  found  them." 

10  Another  time  ^  in  the  late  autumn  they  saw  an  old  peasant 
with  snow-white  hair,  who  was  sitting  and  resting  quietly 
by  the  roadside.^^  One  of  them  asked  him  mockingly, 
whether  snow  was  lying  ^^  on  the  mountains  already.  "  It 
looks  like  it,"^^  answered  the  old  peasant,  "  as  the  cattle 

15  have  moved  down^^  to  ^^  the  low-land." 

20.    The  Merchant  and  his  Donkey. 

A  merchant  was  once  travelHng  to  ^  the  market  with  his 

donkey,  upon  whose  back  were  two  heavy  bags  of  ^  salt. 

As  they  crossed  a  brook  on  their  way  to  ^  town  the  donkey 

stumbled  and  fell   into    the   water.     Before  he  could  rise 

20  the  salt  dissolved,  and  when  he  finally  had  *  risen  he  felt 

5  to  make  fun  of  a  man  =  fi^  iiber  eitteii  Tlanxi  luftig  ma^ 
djm,  or  einen  SJiann  gum  beften  f)ahen.  ^  (^nt^n  2)^orgen  (ace 
as  it  means:  id)  tr)iinfd)e  ^^mn  einen  guten  93^orgen).  "^  Use  gu^ 
rnfen.  ^  (Sief)e!  ^  din  anbere§  Wal  ^^  am  SBege.  11  mood? 
12  (g§  fie^t  hana6)  au^.    i^  use  ftc^  I)erunter==§iet|en  with  t)abcn,  as 

all  reflexive  verbs  in  German  take  t)aben  as  auxiliary,     l*  to  with  the 
idea  of  motion  towards  a  place  is  frequently  nad). 

iCf.  19,  n.  14.  2  Omit  the  partitive  ^.  »  Use  article.  *  toaror 
l^atte?  Cf.  18.  n.  6. 


DEPENDENT    CLAUSES  35 

that  his  load  had  become  much  lighter.  Because  the  salt 
was  spoilt  the  merchant  went  back  and  bought  a  new  load. 
Again  they  came  to  the  brook.  This  time  the  donkey 
stumbled  on  purpose,  and  again  he  rose  with  a  light  load. 
But  now  the  merchant  saw  that  the  donkey  was  playing  him  5 
a  trick.  He  went  again  to  the  city  and  bought  a  load  of 
sponges,  which  he  tied  upon  the  donkey's  back.  When 
they  came  to  the  brook  this  time  the  foolish  animal  again 
stumbled  and  fell  on  purpose,  although  his  load  was  a  very 
light  one.^  The  sponges  rapidly  filled  ^  with  water,  so  that  10 
he  could  hardly  rise.  When  he  finally  succeeded  he  had 
to  go  many  miles  with  his  heavy  load,  and  in  addition  to 
that  "^  his  master  ^  beat  him  because  he  walked  too  slowly. 


21.    The  Shoemaker  and  the  Physician. 

The  wife  of  a  poor  shoemaker  was  very  ill.  The  hus- 
band went  to  the  only  physician  in  the  little  town  and  said  :  15 
"My  poor  wife  is  very  ill,  I  fear  she  will  ^  not  live  long. 
Cannot  you  come  to  my  house  as  soon  as  ^  possible?"  The 
physician  who  was  a  hard-hearted  and  avaricious  man, 
replied  :  "If  I  am  to  ^  cure  your  wife  I  must  perhaps  visit 
her  every  day.  Have  you  the  money  to  pay  me  ^  for  my  ser-  20 
vices?"  "I  am  only  a  poor  man,"  answered  the  shoe- 
maker, "  but  if  you  cure  her  I  will  pay  you  ^  every  cent 
you  demand."  "  But  if  I  cannot  cure  her,"  said  the 
physician,  "what  then?"    "I  shall  pay  you,  whether  you 

5  Say,  was  very  light.      ^  Use  the  reflexive ;   cf.  10,  n.  8.      ^  /^ 

addition  to  that,  no(f)  \i^iVi.    ^  §err  (not  SJieifter). 

1  tuill  or  tDtrb?    2  fo  Balb  tote.     ^  Use  foEen.    *  Direct  object, 
hence  ace.    ^  Indirect  object,  hence  dat. 


36  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 

cure  her,  or  kill  her,'*  cried  the  poor  husband  in  despair. 

,  n^Then   the   physician   was   satisfied   and   treated   the  sick 

woman  for  many  weeks  ^     But  she  gradually  became  worse 

and  died.     The  physician  sent   a  heavy  bill  to  the  shoe- 

5  maker,  but   it   remained   unpaid.     After  a  few  months  he 

went  himself  to  his  debtor  and  said  :  "  Did  you  not  promise 

to   pay  me  every  cent?"     "Did   you    cure    my  wife?" 

asked  the  shoemaker.     "That  was  impossible,"  answered 

the  physician.     "Did  you   kill  her?"     "Certainly   not," 

lo  replied  the  physician  angrily.     "If  you  neither  cured  nor 

killed  her"^  I  owe  you  nothing,"  said  the  shoemaker,  "for 

I  promised  only  to  pay  you  if  you  either  cured  or  killed 

her." 

22.    Who  shall  Ride  2 

A  man  was  riding  home  on  his  donkey  and  his  son  was 
rvsj}r^^^i$  walking  alongside.  On  the  way  they  met  a  man  who  said 
^j^  ,  to  the  father  :   "  It  is  not  right  that  you  ride  and  let  your 

boy  walk,  you  have  stronger  legs  !"  Tli^en  the  father  got 
down  and  let  the  boy  ride.  Soon,  however,  they  met  an- 
other man  who  said  to  the  son  :  "  That  is  not  right,  boy, 
20  that  you  ride  and  let  your  father  walk,  you  have  younger  ^ .  ^ 
legs."  Thereupon  father  and  son  both  got  on  the  donkey^  0 
and  rode.  They  had  ridden  some  distance  when  they  met 
a  third  man  who  said  angrily :  "  What  ^  cruelty  is  that ! 
two  strong  fellows  on  a  poor  weak  beast.  You  ought  to 
25  be  ashamed  of  yourselves^ !"  Then  father  and  son  got 
down  and  went  on  ^  foot,  one  on  the  right  *  and  the  other 

^  t)iele  SBod^eit  lang.  '^  Use  fo  to  connect  main  with  dependent 
clause. 

1  2Ba§  f  iir  eiiu  2  to  be  ashamed  of  oneself  =  fid^  f d^amen.  ^  5tt. 
*  bem  efel  gur  9terf)ten. 


DEPENDENT    CLAUSES  37 

on  the  left  of  the  donkey.  A  fourth  man  whom  they  met 
said,  however  :  "  You  are  queer  fellows  1  Would  it  not  be  ^ 
easier  if  one  of  ^  you  rode?"  So  the  father  tied  the  fore- 
legs of  the  donkey  together  ^adrhis^son  tied  the  hind- 
legs,  then  they  took  a  strong  pole  which  they  found  near  5 
the  "^  road  and  thus  they  carried  the  animal  home  on  their 
shoulders.     They  tried  to  please  everybody.^ 

23.    The  Sorrows  of  an  old  Woman.  ^ 

There  was  once  upon  a  time  in  a  small  village  a  preacher 
who  thought  that  he  had  ^  a  very  beautiful  voice.  He  was 
a  good  man  and  he  sought  to  do  good^  by  touching^  10 
the  hearts  of  his  congregation  by  ^  his  voice.  One  day  he 
had  preached  long  and  earnestly,  and  after  the  service  he 
stayed  in  the  church  a  short  time  in  order  to  rest.  When 
he  was  finally  going  out  ^  he  saw  a  poorly  dressed  old 
woman  who  was  sitting  all  alone  in  the  empty  church  and  15 
sobbing,  as  if  her  heart  were  breaking.^  The  good  man 
went  at  once  to  her  and  said  kindly  :  "  My  poor  woman, 
why  do  you  weep  so  bitterly?"  "Alas,"  said  the  old 
woman,  "  I  cannot  tell  you."  When  the  preacher  heard 
this  answer  he  thought  that  the  poor  woman  was  crying  20 
because  he  had  ^  touched  her  heart  by  his  beautiful  voice. 
He  was,  however,  a  kind-hearted  man  and  therefore  he 
thought  to  comfort  her  by  the  same  means.    But  the^  more 

5  Use  preterite  subj.  ^  tj^n,  7  j^^i^^e  beittt.  ^  e§  jebeju  red^tgu* 
madden. 

1  Subj.  after  verb  of  thinking,  if  the  thought  is  expressed  indirect- 
ly. 2  ^ute§.  ^  Form  dep.  clause  introduced  by  inbettt.  '^  by  \n 
the  sense  of  "  by  means  of  "  is  burd^.  ^  l^iltau^.  ^  al§  ob  S^X  ba§ 
§er5  brdd^e.     ^  mood  ?     ^  jg^  introduces  dep.  clause. 


38  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

he  spoke  to  her  the  ^  more  she  wept.  At  last  she  cried 
out :  "  Stop,  kind  Sir  !  or  else  my  heart  will  break.  For 
many  years^^  I  had  an  ass,  a  good  faithful  animal,  which 
carried  my  vegetables  to  market  and  helped  me  to  earn  my 
5  living'^^  But  he  died  a  few  days  ago.  Whenever  I  hear 
your  voice,  it  reminds  me  of  ^^  the  voice  of  my  ass,  and 
it  almost  breaks  my  heart.'* 


24.    Eannityerstan. 


tX 


■^ 


A  poor  young  journeyman  came  once  to  ^  Amsterdam  to 
seek  work.     In   his   native   village   in   Germany   he   had 

10  always  been  happy  and  contented,  because  there  all  the 
people  were  about  ^  as  poor  as  ^  he  and  all  had  ^  to  work 
hard  to  earn  a  living.^     But  in  Amsterdam  everything  was 
different.^    There  were  so  many  magnificent  houses  and  ',' 
rich  people  that  he  became  discontented  with  his  lot.  While 

10  he  was  wandering  in  one  of  the  finest  streets  of  the  town, 
he  saw  a  house  which  was  larger  and  more  magnificent  than'' 
the  others.  "What  a  ^  beautiful  house,"  thought  he  "  the 
windows  are  bigger  than  the  doors  in  our  village,  and  it 
has  six  chimneys.     Oh,  why  should  one  man  have  such  a  ^ 

15  house  and  so  many  have  none^*^?"  Then  he  said  in^^  Ger- 
man to  a  man  who  was  passing  by  :  "  Can  you  tell  me.  Sir, 
whose  house  that  is?".  " Kannitverstan,"  said  the  man 
who  seemed  to  be  in  a  hurry.  "  Kanniverstan,"  repeated 
the  German,    "  Oh,  what  a  rich  man  Kannitverstan  must  ? 

9  befto.    10  SBiele  Sa^re  lang.    "  mein  S3rob.    12  ^n  (ace). 
1  Cf.  19,  n.  14.    2  ungcfa^r.    ^  ebenfo  arm  ttJte.    ■*  Cf.  i,  n.  13, 
6  The  inf.  with  gu  and  its  object  is  best  placed  after  the  finite  verb  in 

dep.  clause.    6  auberS.    ^  aI0.    ^  cf.  22,  n.  i.    »  fold^  eiiu    10  fei* 
neg.    11  auf. 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  39 

be!'*  Now  the  German  could  not  understand  Dutch, 
and  the  Dutchman  could  not  understand  German  and  thus 
a  misunderstanding  had  arisen.  For  "  kan  nit  verstan"  is 
Dutch  and  means  :  "  I  cannot  understand." 

25.    Kannitverstan  (continued). 

Discontented  with  the  world  and  himself  the  young  man  5 
wandered  on.  ^  At  last  he  came  to  the  harbor,  where  hun- 
dreds of  ships  lay  from  all  parts  of  the  world.  As  he  had 
never  seen  a  ship  before  he  was  very  astonished  and 
thought :  "How  rich  those  people  must  be  to  whom  these 
ships  belong."  But  one  ship  especially  drew  his  atten-  10 
tion.  It  was  a  full-rigged  ship  ^  which  had  just  returned 
from  thje^  East  Indies  and  was  being  unloaded.  The 
journeymlfj;!  looked  at  the  bales,  cases  and  casks  which  were 
being  taken  but  of  the  ship,  and  the  ^  more  he  looked  ^  the 
more  he  woiidered  and  thought  to  himself:^  "  I  should  like  15 
to  ^  know  to  whom  this  ship  and  all  these  riches  belong." 
At  last  he  asked  a  workman  who  was  carrying  a  case  from 
the  ship,  to  whom  the  ship  and  the  goods  belonged  ?  But 
because  the  case  was  heavy  and  the  workman  not  very 
polite,  the  only  answer  ^  he  received  was  :  "  Kannitverstan."  20 
But  this  was  enough  for  our  German.  "  If  a  man  has  such 
a  ship  which  brings  him  such  goods,"  said  he  to  himself,^ 
"  then  it  is  no  wonder  that  he  has  such  a  magnificent 
house.  Oh !  why  is  one  man  so  rich  and  so  many  so 
poor?"  25 

1  toeiter.  2  SSoHfd^tff,  n.  3  Omit  article.  *  Cf.  23,  n.  8.  5  Use 
§U=f  el^en,  which  conveys  the  idea  of  "  to  look  on".  ^  j^^f  ^^^^  7  Q^jj 
Tnod)te.  ^  Supply  the  rel.  pron.,  which  cannot  be  omitted  in  Ger- 
man.   9  5UftC^. 


40  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 


26.    Kannityerstan  (conclusion). 

Thinking  ^  sadly  over  this  matter  he  began  to  walk  slowly 
back  to  the  humble  tavern  where  he  was  stopping  ^  and 
where  they  ^  spoke  German.  After  he  had  walked  some 
distance  he  saw   a  funeral   procession  which  was  coming 

5  slowly  down  the  street.*  The  hearse  was  drawn  by  four 
black  horses  and  dozens  of  carriages  followed.  Most  of 
the  people  on  the  street  stood  still  and  took  off  their  hats^ 
as  the  hearse  passed,  and  so  the  honest  German  did  the 
same.     He  had  never  seen  such  a  funeral-procession  and  he 

10  said  to  himself :  "  That  must  be  a  prince  or  a  very  rich 
man  whom  they  are  burying."  "  Excuse  me,"  he  said 
turning  to  ^  a  man  who  was  standing  at  his  side,"^  "  can  you 
tell  me  whose  funeral  this  is?"  But  the  Dutchman  only 
stared  at  ^  him  and  said:  "  Kannitverstan."    ."Oh!  Kan- 

15  nitverstan's  funeral !"  said  the  poor  journeyman,  and  half 
sadly,  half  joyfully  he  went  on  his  way.^  And  whenever  in 
life  he  felt  ^^  dissatisfied  because  so  many  people  were  rich 
and  he  was  so  poor,  he  had^^  only  to  think  of  ^^  the  rich 
Dutchman  Kannitverstan,  of  his  magnificent  house,  his  fine 

20  ship,  of  his  cases  and  bales  and  barrels  from  India,  of  his 
funeral  and  of  his  narrow  grave. 

1  Use  nod)*benfen  iiber  (ace.)  and  translate  the  participial  con- 
struction by  a  dep.  clause  introduced  by  inbem  or  ttJal^renb.  ^  tOO  er 
ab geftiegcn  tuar.  ^  man,  or  use  passive.   ^  bie  ©trage  l^erab.  ^  ben 

§nt,  the  German  singular   expressing  that  each  one  had  one   hat. 

*  an  (ace).  ^  an  fciner  (Seite,  or  i^m  gur  ©eitc.  ^  onftarren,  with 
ace.  9  feineg  SBege§  (adv.  gen.).  ^^  Use  reflexive.  "  fo  braud^te 
er.    12  0JI  (ace). 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  41 

27.    The  wise  Judge. 

A  rich  man  in  the  East  ^  had  lost  a  considerable  sum  of 
money^  which  was  sewn  up  ^  in  a  cloth.     He  immediately 
made  his  lost  known  ^  and  offered  a^  hundred  gold-pieces 
to  the  person  who  should  find  and  return  it  to  him.    Very 
soon  an  honest  man  came  to  him  and  said  :    "  I  have  found    5 
your  money,  this  is  probably  it.  ^    Therefore  take  back  your 
property."    Although  the  rich  man  was  very  glad  to  have 
his  money    again,  y  et   he   wanted    to   defraud  the  honest 
finder   of  his  promised  reward.     He  therefore  opened  the 
cloth  and  counted  the  money.    Then  he  said  :  "  My  friend,  10 
there  were  "^  eight  hundred  gold-pieces  sewn  up  in  the  cloth, 
but  now  I  find  only   seven  hundred.     I  suppose  you  have 
opened  a  seam  and  taken  out  your  reward.     That  was  quite 
right,  and  I  thank  you^  for  bringing^  me  back  the  rest." 
The  other  man,  however,  asserted  that  he  had  not  touched  15 
the   money    and   of  course   demanded-^^  his   reward.     As 
neither  of  them^^  would  give  in^^  they  finally  went  to  the 
judge.     After  the  latter  had  heard  the  statement  of  each 
one^^  he  said  :  "  I  shall  assume  that  both  of  you^^  speak  the 
truth.     A  cloth  with  eight  hundred  gold-pieces  has  been  20 
lost,  one  with  seven  hundred  has  been  found.     Therefore 
they  cannot  be  the  same.     So  the  finder  must  keep  the 
money  until  the   person  comes   who   lost  seven   hundred 
gold-pieces,  and  the  man  who  lost  eight  hundred  must  wait 
patiently  till  somebody  finds  a  cloth  with  that  amount."         25 

1  im  ajlorgenlanbe.  2  ^erbfumme, /.  ^  eingena^t.  *  befannt. 
6  Omit  a.  6  bieg  tDtrb  e§  tt)oI)I  fein.  ^  ($g  tt)aren.  »  case  ?  ^  Say, 
that  you  have  brought.  10  t)erlangte  er.  11  Reiner  t)on  beiben. 
12  narf)=  geben.    i^  ^j^gg  jeben.    1*  beibe  t)on  "^^ntxi. 


42  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

28.    Letter  of  a  German  Schoolboy. 

Halle,  Oct.  i4th,^  1900. 
Kgl.  Paedagogium,  Franke'sche  Stiftungen. 
My  Dear  Mother, 

I  have  passed   my    examination  successfully  and   have 

.  5  been  admitted  to  "Obertertia".^  The  teacher  who  ex- 
amined me  asked  me  from  what  school  I  came^  and  told 
me  that  I  had  only  made  two  mistakes.  We  were  ^  ex- 
amined in  Latin,^  Greek  and  French,  but  not  in  Mathe- 
matics, of  which  ^  I  was  very  glad.     Please  send  me  the 

10  twenty  marks  which  father  promised  me  as  a  "^  reward.  We 
have  here  a  beautiful  large  garden  which  is  called  ^  the 
"  Plantage",  with  a  bowHng-alley  and  gymnastic  apparatus. 
The  Primaner  and  Sekundaner  are  allowed  to^  smoke  in 
this  garden,  but  not  in  their  rooms.    Adjoining  the  Plantage 

15  is^^  another  ^^  large  garden,  called  the  "Feldgarten."  There 
we  have  our  instruction  in  gymnastics  three  times  a  week,^^ 
but  otherwise  only  the  little  boys  play  there.  For^^  break- 
fast we  only  get  coffee,  a  roll  and  a  small  piece  of  butter, 
for  supper  only    soup  and  bread  and  butter,^*  for   dinner 

20  soup,  meat,  potatoes  and  vegetables,  Sundays  also  cake. 
The  Primaner  help  themselves^^  first,  then  the  Sekundaner, 
so  that  we  Tertianer  have  sometimes  very  little  to  eat. 
Most  of  the  boys  have  boxes  sent  to  them^^  from  home," 
with  bread,  butter,  sausage,  ham,  cake,  chocolate  and  other 

25  good  things.    Please  send  me  also  such  a  box. 

1  Cf.  12,  n.  I.  2  {,iix  ij;  ^ie  jDbertertia  aufgenommen  toorben. 
8  Mood?  4  Use  njcrben.  ^  im  £ateimfd)en.  .^  tooriiber.  ^  jur. 
8  l^eigt.  »  biirfen.  ^^  ^^^  ^[^  plantage  grengt.  "  nod^  eiiu  12  \^i^\ 
mal  bic  SKod^e.  ^^  ^mj^,  u  sgutterbrob,  n.  is  bebienen  [id^. 
i«  laffen  fid^  ♦  .  .  fd^idfen.    "  t3on  5U  §aufe. 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  43 

29.    Letter  of  a  German  Schoolboy  (conclusion). 
Sundays   from  two   to^  five  we   are  allowed  to  go  into 
town,  also  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays.     But  if  a  boy  has 
not  learnt  his  lesson  his  name  is  entered  in  the  class-book.^ 
If  this  happens  once  during  the  week  he  gets  **  Hausarrest" 
on  Sunday,  which  means^  he  may  go  into  the  "Plantage"    5 
but  not  into  town,  but  if  twice,  he  gets  "  Stubenarrest," 
which  means  he  must  remain  all  day  Sunday^  in  his  room, 
if  three  times,  he  gets  "  Career,"^  and  whoever  gets  Career 
three  times  in  a   term  is  dropped.^     On  Wednesday  and  ^ 
Saturday  afternoons  we  all  go  bathing."^     Every  new  boy  10 
who  can  swim  must  swim  fifteen  minutes  in  the  river,  or 
practice  till  he^  can.     If  a  boy  cannot  swim  he  must  take 
lessons.     I  swam  twenty  minutes.     In  the  morning^  we  are 
called^*^  at  a  quarter  to  five,  at  half  past  five  we  have  to  be 
at^^  our  desks  and  study  till  half  past  six.     At  half  past  six  15 
i/we  breakfast,  from  seven  to  eleven  we  have  school  and 
from  eleven  to  twelve  study  period,  in  which,  however,  we 
may  read.     At  twelve  is  dinner,  from  twelve  to  two  we  may 
go  into  the  Plantage,  from  two  to  four  school,  from  four  to 
five  recess,  five  to  seven  is  study  period  and  at  seven  supper.  20 
In  summer  we  have  from  seven  to  nine  free,  in  winter  from 
seven  to  eight.     At  nine  the  lower  classes  have  to  go  to 
bed,  the  upper  classes  at  ten.  But  now  I  have  written  enough. 
Give  my  love  to  father^^  and  don't  forget  to  send  me  a  box 
of  things  to  eat.^^  25 

Ever  your  loving  son^*  Fritz. 

1  bi§.  2  ^1^.5  g^.  ii^g  ^laff enbud^  gefd)rieben.  ^  ^^a^  l^eigt  *  ben 
ganjen  ©onntag.  ^  Career  is  the  Latin  word  used  for  the  school- 
prison.  6  tt)ttt)  f ortgejagt.  "^  Use  infin.  8  Supply  e§.  9  9JJorgen§.  10  Use 
toetfen  with  hjcrben.  ^  an.  ^  ^riige  SBater.  i^  (ggfa^en.  1*  Cf. 
i5»n.  15. 


44  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 


30.    The  Right  Eye  or  the  Left? 

A  farmer  whose  horse  had  been  stolen  a  few  days  before, 
went  to  the  horsefair  to  buy  another  one.^  When  he  was 
looking  at^  the  horses  which  were  for  sale,^  he  recognised 
his  stolen  horse  amongst*  them.     "  That's  my  horse  which 

5  some^  rascal  stole  !'^  cried  he  seizing^  the  horse  by  the 
bridle.  The  man  who  had  this  horse  for  sale,  said  politely  : 
"  You  are  mistaken,  I  think^ ;  when  did  you  lose 
your  horse?"  "  Three  days  ago,"  said  the  farmer.  "Then 
it  cannot  be  your  horse,"  said  the  man,  "for  I  have  had 

10  this  horse  for^  two  years."  The  farmer  held  his  hands 
quickly  over  the  horse's  eyes  and  exclaimed  :  "  Well,  if  you 
have  had  the  horse  so  long  then  tell  me,  in^  which  eye  is  it 
blind?"  Now  the  other  man  had  really  stolen  the  horse  and 
in  his  confusion  he  quickly  said  :  "In  the  left."     "  No," 

15  said  the  farmer,  "  that  was  a  bad  guess,^^  the  horse  is  not 
blind  in  the  left  eye."  "  That  was  a  slip  of  the  tongue,^^ 
cried  the  thief,  "  the  horse  is  blind  in  the  right  eye."  Then 
the  farmer  took  his  hands  off  the  horse's  eyes  and  said  : 
"  Now  it  is  clear  that  you  are  a  thief  and  a  liar,  for  the 

20  horse  is  not  blind  at  all."^^  Thus  the  farmer  got  back  his 
horse  and  the  thief  received  his  deserved  punishment. 

1  ein  anbereg.    2  use  \id)  an^fe^en.     ^  jum  ^erfauf.    *  unter. 

^  irgenb  ein.  ^  Place  present  participle  final  or  form  a  dependent 
clause  with  inbettt.  '  glaube  id^.  ^  feit.  ^  auf.  ^^  Say,  that  was 
badly  guessed,  n  gd)  t)ahe  mirf)  t)erfprod)en.  There  are  several  re- 
flexive verbs  with  prefix  t)er  which  denote  a  mistake  made  in  the  ac- 
tion expressed  by  the  verb,  thus  fic^  tjerprett  =  to  misunderstand. 
12  garnirf)t. 


DEPENDENT    CLAUSES  45 


31.    A  Threat. 


Two  drivers  met^  in  a  narrow  street  where  the  one  could 
not  easily  make  room  for  the  other.^  "  Drive  out  of  my 
way  !"^  cried  the  one.  "  No,  you  drive^  out  of  my  way  !'* 
cried  the  other.  "  I  won't,"  said  the  one.  "And  I  won't 
either,"^  said  the  other,  and  as  neither  of  them^  wanted  to  5 
make  room  a  violent  quarrel  arose,  in  which  very  many  un- 
necessary words  were  used.  At  last  one  of  them  said : 
"  Listen,"^  now  I  ask  you  for  the^  last  time,  will  you  drive 
out  of  my  way  or  not?  If  you  won't  I  shall  do  to  you^  what 
I  did  once  to  a  fellow  who  would  not  get  out  of  my  way."  10 
This  threat  frightened  the  other  driver.  "  Well,"  said  he, 
"  then  help  me  at  least^^  push  your  wagon  aside,  otherwise 
I  shall  not  have  room  to  turn  out."^^  The  other  gladly  did 
this  and  in  a  few  minutes  the  cause  of  the  quarrel  was 
removed.  Before  they  parted  the  one  who  had  turned  out  15 
said  to  the  other  :  "I  say,^^  you  threatened  you  would  do 
the  same  to  me  that  you  did  to  another  fellow  who  would 
not  get  out  of  your  way.  Now,  tell  me,  what  did  you  do  to 
him?"  "Well,  the  rude  fellow  would  not  drive  out  of  my 
way,  so  I  drove  out  of  his  way."  20 

82.    The  Feasant  and  his  Son. 

A  peasant  boy  had  been  away  from  home^  a  few  months 
and  came  back  with  the  bad  habit  of  lying^  about  what^ 

1  Use  fid)  begegnen.  ^  ^em  anberen  ^ra|  madden,  ^  fa^ren  ©ie 
tnir  auS  bem  2Beg.  *  Imperative.  &  an6)  nidit.  ^  cf,  27,  n.  n. 
'  §oren  ©ie  mat.  ^  for  the  =  §um.  ^  tnit  Jj^nen  tnac^em  ^^  tDe=^ 
nigftenS.    ^^  auggutoeid^en.    i^  (gagen  6ie  ntal,  or  §oren  ©ie  tnaf. 

1  t)On  §OUfe.    2  Use  infin.  with  §U.     ^  jx^^y-  ^^g  ^^^^ 


46  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

he  had  seen.  One  day  he  was  going  with  his  father  to  a 
distant  village  and  on  seeing*  a  big  dog  he  told  his  father 
that  he  had^  seen  a  dog  which  was  bigger  than  his  father's 
biggest  horse.  The  father  told  him  that  that  was  indeed 
5  very  wonderful,  but  that  there  were  many  wonderful  things 
in  this  world.  For  instance,  they  themselves  were  now 
coming  to  a  wonderful  bridge,  on  which  lay  a  stone,  and 
everybody  who  had  lied  that  day  knocked  against  the  stone 
and  broke  his  leg.     This  frightened  the  poor  boy  and  he 

10  told  his  father  that  perhaps  he  had  been  mistaken,^  the  dog 
was  only  as  large  as  an  ox.  As  they  came  nearer  to  the 
bridge"^  the  boy  seemed  to  become  still  uneasier  and  told  his 
father  that  the  dog  was  anyway  as  big  as  a  calf.  But  now 
the  bridge  was  in  sight  and  the  father  walked  quietly  to- 

15  wards  it^  but  said  not  a  word.  When  they  reached  the 
bridge  the  boy  caught  hold  of  his  father's  arm^  and  cried  : 
"O  father,  listen  !  do  not  walk  so  fast !  How  can  you  be- 
lieve that  I  ever  saw  such  a  dog  !  The  dog  was  of  course 
as  big  —  as  all  dogs  are." 

83«    The  travelling  Scholar  in  Paradise. 

20  Many  stories  are^  told  of  the  travelling  scholar  in  the 
middle  ages.  One  of  the  best  known  has  been  used  as  a^ 
farce  by  Hans  Sachs,  a  German  poet  of  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury. This  story  runs  as  follows^ :  A  travelling  scholar 
comes  to  a  peasant's  wife  whose  husband  is  working  in*  the 

25  fields,  and  begs.     He  tells  her  that  he  had  travelled  far 

*  Say,  when  he  saw.  ^  Remember  to  use  subj.  mood  for  indirect 
discourse  I  «  Use  ftd^  trren.  "^  ber  S3riiclc  nd^er.  ^  auf  fie  p»  *  to 
catch  hold  of  somebody's  arm  =  jetnanben  beint  Slmte  ergreifen. 

1  luerbcn.    2  omit  article.    ^  (autct  tt)ic  folgt.    *  ouf. 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  47 

and  had  also  been  in  Paris.  The  good  woman  believes 
everything  that  the  scholar  tells  her  and  not  having  heard^ 
of  Paris  she  thinks  he  means  Paradise.  As  her  first  hus- 
band was  dead  she  asks  the  scholar  if  he  had  seen  him  in 
Paradise.  **  Oh  yes,''  says  the  scholar,  noticing®  the  mis-  5 
take,  and  the  woman  asks:  "How  is  the  dear  man?''*^ 
"Well,"  says  the  scholar,  "he  is  cold,^  for  he  has  no  clothes 
to  wear.  You  sent  him  there^  in  a  shroud,  and  that  is  all 
that  he  has.  Other  wives  care  better  for  their  husbands  and 
send  them  there  in  their  best  clothes."  The  poor  woman  is  10 
deeply  grieved  to  hear  this  and  in  her  simplicity  she  asks  the 
scholar  if  he  is  going  back  to  Paradise.  "  Oh  yes,"  says  the 
rascal,  "  I  am  just  on  the  way  there."  Then  the  woman  begs 
him  to  wait  a  minute,  runs  into  the  house,  fetches  her  second 
husband's  best  clothes  and  all  the  money^^  she  can  find,  15 
makes  a  bundle  of  it^^  and  begs  the  scholar  to  take^^  it  to  her 
late^^  husband.  The  scholar  promises  gladly  to  do  so^^  and 
hurries  off. 

34.  Tlie  trayellin^  Scholar  in  Paradise  (conclusion). 
Soon  the  second  husband  comes  home  to  dinner^  and 
she  tells  him  what  she  has  done.  He  perceives  her  20 
stupidity,  but  being^  a  man  of  few  words,  says^  nothing, 
saddles  his  horse  and  rides  as  fast  as  he  can  after  the 
student.^  The  latter  sees  him  coming,^  hides  his  student's 
cap®  and  mantle  and  likewise  the  bundle  which  the  woman 
had  given  him,  in  the  bushes  and  sits  down  near  a  swamp.  25 

s  Say,  because  she  had  not  heard.  ^  g^y,  who  noticed.  "^  SSte 
gel^t'§  bem  lieben  SO^ann.  ^  e§  friert  i^n*  ^  bai)tn.  10  Supply  rel. 
pron.    11  barau§.    ^^  use  bringen.    i^  feHg,    1*  e§. 

1  sum  @ff en.   ^  cf .  33,  n.  5.    3  Repeat  pronoun.    *  beiu  ©tuben* 

ten  nad^.    ^  Use  infin.    ^  Form  compound  noun. 


/ 


48  GERMAN    COMPOSITION 


The  peasant  comes  up"^  and  shouts :  "  Have  you  seen  a 
travelHng  scholar  with  a  bundle?"  "Certainly,"  was  the 
answer,  "  he  just  ran  across  this  swamp  as  if  the  dogs  were 
after  him.^    If  you  want  to  catch  him  you  had  better  leave^ 

5  your  horse  here ;  you  can't  ride  across  the  swamp."  The 
peasant  takes  his  advice,  ties  his  horse  to^^  a  tree  and  begs 
the  scholar  to  keep  his  eye  on  the  horse^^  till  he  comes 
back.  This  the  scholar  promises  to  do.  The  peasant  runs 
across  the  swamp  as  fast  as  he  can  through  mud  and  water. 

10  As  soon  as  he  is  some  way  off  ^^  the  scholar  fetches  hat, 
mantle  and  bundle,  jumps  on  the  horse  and  rides  off  —  to 
Paradise.  When  the  peasant,  tired,  wet  and  angry,  finally 
comes  back  to  fetch  his  horse,  he  finds  that  the  animal  has 
also  gone  —  to  Paradise.     So  he  has  to  walk  home  to  his 

15  wife,  and  neither^^  can  reproach  the  other  for  credulity. 

35.    The  Prussian  Dodge. 

Frederick  the  Great  was  very  fond  of  hearing  what  the 
common  soldiers  thought  oP  him  and  for  that  reason  often 
frequented^  in  disguise  the  taverns  where  his  soldiers 
caroused.  One  day  he  went  into  a  tavern  and  sat  down 
20  at^  a  table  at  which^  an  old  soldier  was  sitting,  and  very 
soon  the  king  and  the  soldier  were  chatting  Hke  old  com- 
rades, for  both  had  been  in  many  a  battle  together.  The 
soldier  insisted  on*  paying  for   everything   and   the  king 

■^  :^eran.  ^  l^tnter  i^m  f)ex.  ^  lag  lieBer.  ^^  qji^  case  ?  11  m6) 
bent  ^ferbe  gu  fe^en.  ^  eine  ©trede  toeit  ttjeg.  ^^  feineg  ton 
SBeiben. 

1  t)On.  2  Say,  frequented  he  often.  »  an.  Case  ?  *  Beftanb  bar* 
auf ,  followed  by  inf.  with  §U. 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  49 

noticed  that  the  old  fellow  had  money,  although  it  was  not 
pay-day.  "How  is  it,^  comrade,"  said  the  king,  "that  you 
can  make  your  money  last  so  long?  It's  little  enough^  we 
poor  soldiers  get."  "That's  easy  enough  if  you  know  the 
Prussian  dodge,"  was  the  answer.  "  The  Prussian  dodge,"  5 
repeated  the  king,  "what's  that?"  "You  an  old  soldier 
and  don't  even"^  know  that?  It's  simple  enough.  Sell  or 
pawn  everything  that  you  don't  need.  To-day,  for  instance, 
I  sold^  my  sword  and  made  myself  ^  a  wooden  one ;  that's 
good  enough  in  times  of  peace,"^^  and  with  a  sly  expres-  10 
sion  the  old  fellow  drew  his  sword  and  showed  the  aston- 
ished king  a  wooden  one. 


36.    The  Prussian  Dod^e  (conclusion). 

A  few  days  later  the  king  was  reviewing  his  troops  and 
jiding  down  the  ranks^  he  recognised  his  old  acquaintance 
with  the  wooden  sword.  He  immediately  got  off  his  horse,^  15 
walked  up  to  the  man^  and  to  the  horror  of  the  surrounding 
officers  said  to  him :  "Draw  your  sword  and  cut  off  my 
head  !'*  ^"Your  majesty,"^  said  the  trembling  soldier,  "  how 
can  I  commit  such  a  crime?"  "  Your  first  duty  is  obedience^ 
to  your  king,"  shouted  Frederick  with  an"^  angry  voice,  20 
"draw  your  sword  1"  Then  the  poor  old  fellow  lifted  his 
eyes  to^  Heaven  and  with  a  trembling  voice  exclaimed:  "  I 
obey  !  But  may  Heaven  change  my  steel  sword  to^  a  wooden 

5  SSie  fommt  eg.  ^  Supply  tt)ag.  ^  nid^t  etntnal.  ^  Cf.  14,  n.  5. 
9  ntir.    i<^  in  griebenl^eiten. 

1  aB  er  bie  9ftei:^en  ^inab  ritt.  ^  tjom  ^ferbe  ab^^fteigen.  ^  ^-^^ 
\ityi  aj^ann  p.    *  mir  \iz\i  ^o|)t.    ^  (Sure  $D^ajeftdt.    ^  Supply  art. 

^  Omit  art.     8  Supply  art.  (gUttl).     ^  Xtl  (ace). 


50  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

one  when  I  draw  it  to  strike  my  king !"  Thereupon  he 
drew  his  sword  and  it  was  a  wooden  one.  With  a  hearty 
laugh  the  king  mounted  his  horse  and  rode  on. 

Another  time  at^'^  a  review  the  king  asked  a  soldier  who 
had  a  deep  scar  on  his  face  :  **  Friend,  in  what  tavern  did 
you  get  that  scar?"  "  At  Kolin,"  was  the  quick  reply, 
"where  your  majesty  payed  the  bill,"  an  allusion  to"  the 
defeat  which  Frederick  the  Great  suffered  in  that  batde. 


37.    George  Stephenson. 

George  Stephenson,  to  whom  we  owe  the  invention  of 
10  the  locomotive,  was^  born  in  the  year  1781,  in  a  little 
village  in  the  neighborhood  of  Newcastle.  His  father,  a 
workman  in  a  coal-mine,  was  known  in  his  village  by^  the 
name  of^  "Old  Bob."  Young^  George  led  [the  ordinary 
life  of  a  poor  village  boy ;  he  helped  his  mother,  brought  his 
15  father  the  dinner  and  so  on.^  When  he  was  older  he 
tended  the  cows  of  a  widow  in  the  village,  for  which  he 
received  two  pence  a  day.^  But  the  boy's  greatest  pleasure 
was  to  make  small  machines  out  of  clay,  such  as"^  he  had 
noticed  in  the  mine  where  his  father  worked.  Later  on^ 
20  he  helped  his  father,  and  at  the®  age  of  fourteen  he  became 
a^^  stoker.  Already  at"  that  time  various  experiments  had 
been  made  to  invent  means  for  the  quicker  transportation 
of  the  heavily  laden  coal-trucks,  but  without  any  practical 
result.     George  had  heard  of  it  and  he  determined  to  build 

10  bet.    "  auf  (ace). 

1  nJUrbe.  2  mxter  (dat.).  »  Omit.  *  Adj.  before  proper  name 
hence  supply  def.  art.  ^  unb  fo  iDetter.  ^  belt  Xag.  '  such  as  == 
tDie.    8  ©pdterl^iit.    »  im.    10  Omit,    n  5U. 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  51 

a  wagon  driven  by  steam.^^  He  really  succeeded  in  build- 
ings^ a  machine  which  moved  along  ponderously  and  with^* 
a  terrible  noise  four  to  five  miles  an  hour.  But  the  fol- 
lowing year  he  built  a  better  one. 


38.    The  Death  of  Captain  Cook.     ^ 

Captain  Cook  was  one  of   the  most  famous  navigators,    5 
not  only  of  England,  but  also  of  the  whole  world.     He  was 
the  son  of  a  farm-labourer  and  was  born  in  the  year  1728,     * 
in  the  county   of^  Yorkshire.     Up  to  his  thirtieth  year  he 
was  a  common  sailor.     But  at  last  his  talent  as  a^  naviga- 
tor was  recognised  and  on  the  30th  July,  in  the  year  1768,  10 
he  sailed  on  a  voyage  of  discovery  as  captain  of  the  ship 
"Endeavor."      Through  the  many  discoveries  which    he 
made  on  his  three  voyages  around  the  world  his  name  has 
become   immortal.      From  his  third  voyage   Cook   never 
returned  to  the  great  grief  of  all  who  knew  him.  15 

When  his  ship  was  lying  at  anchor  off^  one  of  the  Sand- 
wich Islands  he  went  ashore  with  only  a  few  sailors  in 
order  to  force  the  natives  to  return  some  articles  which 
they  had  stolen  from  his  ship.  The  natives  separated  him 
by^  treachery  from  his  men^  and  then  attacked  him  from  20 
behind.^  One  of  them  struck  him  on  the  head  with  a 
club,  another  stabbed  him  in  the  neck.  His  lifeless  body 
was  then  mutilated  in"^  the  most  shameful  manner.  Thus 
perished  the  man  to  whom  England  owes  so  many  of  her 
colonies  in  the  Pacific  Ocean.  25 

12  For  construction  c£.  11,  n.  i.    13  infin.  with  gu.    1*  Ultter  (dat.). 
1  Omit.     2  Omit  indef.  art.     8  xj^  ^^t  S^a^e.     *  burd^.    ^  fieute. 

«  tjon  l^inten.    "^  auf  (ace). 


52  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

39.    The  three  Rings.  ^ 

In  olden  times  there^  lived  a  man  in  the  East  who  pos- 
sessed a  ring  of  inestimable  value.  The  stone  was  an  opal 
which  reflected  a^  hundred  beautiful  colors,  and  this  ring 
had  the  secret  power  of  making^  its  owner  beloved  by^  his 

5  fellowmen,  if  he  wore  it  in  full  belief  in^  this  power. 

No  wonder  then  that  the  man  in  the  East  always  wore 
it  and  prized  it  so  highly  that  he  wished  to  retain  it  in  his 

.   family  forever. 

Therefore  he  bequeathed  the  ring  to  the  son  whom  he 

10  loved  best,  with  the  condition  that  the  son  should  do  the 
same,  and  that  the  owner  should  be  the  head^  of  the 
family  in  virtue  of  the  ring,  whether  he  be  the  eldest  or  not. 
Thus  the  ring  passed"^  from  father  to  son,^  from  generation 
to  generation,  until  it  came  into  the  hands  of  a  father  of 

15  three  sons,  who  were  all  three  equally  obedient  to  their 
father^  and  whom  he  conseqently  loved  equally  well.^° 
Only  whenever  he  was  alone  with  one  and  the  other  two 
not  present,  that  son  seemed  to  him  to  be  worthier  of  the 
ring,  and  thus  in  moments  of  weakness^^  he  promised  each 

20  son  the  ring. 

40.    The  three  Rings  (continued). 
When  he  felt,  however,  that  deathi  was  approaching  it 
pained  him  deeply  that  he  could  only  leave^  the  ring  to 

1  Omit.  2  Omit.  8  jjge  infin.  with  §U.  *  beliebt  bet;  bet  has 
here  the  meaning  "amongst."  ^  an  (ace).  ^  ba§  §aupt.  "^  gtltg  — 
iiber.  «  tj^ni  $8ater  auf  ben  ©ol^n.  ^  piacedat.  before  adj.  10  fel^r, 
11  Use  gen.  with  def.  art. 

1  Supply  def.  article.    2  i^interlaffen. 


DEPENDENT   CLAUSES  53 

one  son,  and  thus  had  deceived  the  other  two  who  had 
depended  on  his  promise.  So  he  secretly  sent  for^  a  skil- 
ful goldsmith  and  ordered  him  to  make  two  other  rings 
exactly  like  the  magic-ring,  and  bade  him  spare  neither 
trouble  nor  expense.  The  goldsmith  succeeded  so  well  5 
that,  when  he  brought  the  rings,  the  father  himself  could 
not  distinguish  them  from  the  genuine  one.  Joyfully  he 
had  each  son  come  alone  to  him,^  gave  him  his  blessing  and 
a  ring  —  and  then  he  died. 

But  hardly  was  the  father  dead  before^  each  son  wanted  10 
to  be  the  head  of  the  family  in  virtue  of  the  ring.  In  vain 
they  examined  the  rings  in  order  to  find  the  true  one ; 
none  of  the  three  sons  could  prove  that  he  had^  it,  the 
rings  were  all  alike.''  Then  they  quarrelled  and  finally 
went  to  a  wise  judge.  Each  one^  swore  to  the  judge  that  15 
he  had^  received  the  ring  from  his  father,  that  his  father 
had  loved  him  and  therefore  could  not  have  deceived 
him,^°  and  however  much  he^^  was  ready  to  believe  only  the 
best  about ^^  his  brothers,  yet  rather  than  even^^  suspect  his 
loving  father,  he  must  accuse  them  of  fraud.  ^  2c 


41.    The  three  Bings  (conclusion). 

The  wise  judge  spoke :  "  Do  you  think  I  am  here  to 
solve  riddles?  All  three  rings  are  alike  ;  how  can  I  tell^  the 
difference  ?  But  wait !  The  genuine  ring  possesses  the 
magic  charm  of   making  the  owner  beloved  by  his  fellow- 

3  nad|.  4  su  fi(^.  ^  ^\9,^  e  Subj.  ^  ft(^  ^^e  gj^t^^  s  (gtn 
jeber.    ^  Mood?    10  ba^er  i^n  nid^t  betrogen  f)aben  fonne.    ^^  tote 

fe^r  er  aud).     12  jj^n^     13  ^^^  n^.^     14  Supply  article. 

1  erfennen. 


54  GERMAN   COMPOSITION 

men.  That  must  decide,  for  the  other  rings  cannot  do 
that.  Well,  whom  do  two  of  you  love  most?  You  are 
silent?  Then  each  one  loves  only  himself  most,  but  not  his 
brothers?  Oh,  then  you  are  all  three  deceived.     None  of 

5  you  have^  the  right  ring.  The  true  ring  was  probably  lost^ 
and  to  hide  the  loss  your  father  had  three  rings  made.  I 
cannot  pass  judgment."*  But  if  you  want  my  advice  in- 
stead of  a  judgment,  then  listen  !  Let  each  one^  think^  his 
ring  the  true  one.^'  For  perhaps  your  father  really  loved 

10  you  all  equally  well  and  did  not  wish  to  favour  one  at  the 
expense  of  the  others.  Then  let  each  one  strive  to  make 
himself  beloved  by  his  fellow  men  and  thus  prove  that  he 
has  the  genuine  ring.  And  when  the  rings  have  passed 
through  the  hands  of  many  generations  perhaps^Si^aT  wiser 

15  judge  than  I  will  be  able  to  decide  who  has  the  true 
ring." 

2  Reiner  t)on  eucEi  t)at.    ^  ging  .  .  .  t)erIoren.    *  Say,  I  can  pass 
no  judgment.    ^  q^lsq  ?    ^  j^alteu  f iir. 


VOCABULARY 


EXPLANATIONS 


The  abbreviations  employed  are  as  follows  : 

ace.  =  accusative.  intrs.  =  intransitive. 

adj.  =  adjective.  tn.  =  masculine. 

adv.  =  adverb.  n.  =  neuter. 

comp.  ==  comparative.  //.  =  plural. 

conj.  =  conjunction.  Prep.  =  preposition. 

dat.  =  dative.  f.  =  verb  takes  as  auxiliary  fetlt. 
f.  =  feminine.                         sub.  conj.  =  subordinating  conjunction. 

gen.  =  genitive.  trs.  =  transitive. 
inf.  =  infinitive. 

A  dash  ( — )  indicates  the  repetition  of  the  title  word. 

The  genitive  of  nouns  is  indicated  when  it  differs  from  the  nominative,  the 
plural  is  indicated  whenever  the  noun  has  one.  Thus:  ©atf,  m.  -e§,  ^t  =  masculine 
gender;  genitive  singular,  (Sa(Ie§;  nominative  plural,  (Sfldc. 

The  principal  parts  of  the  strong  and  irregular  verbs  are  given,  unless  they  occur  very 
frequently  in  compounds. 

Verbs  which  take  f  ein  as  auxiliary  are  marked  f. ;  those  taking  f  ein  or  ^oben  are 
marked  f.  or  !^. 

Separable  compounds  are  indicated  by  hyphen  (=)  ;  inseparables  are  written  as 
one  word. 

Only  the  meanings  which  occur  in  the  text  are  given. 


VOCABULARY. 


a,  an,  ein ;  not  — ,  f  ein, 

able,  be  — ,  !5nnen,  fonnte,   ge* 

foniit 
about, /fi?/., 11111  {ace) ;  adv.,  Uttl* 

]^er;  (nearly)  uttgefd^r;  be  — 

to,  im  S3egriffe  fein  §u. 
above,  iiber  {ace,  or  dat. ). 
accuse,  an=!tagen,  be)(^ulbigen, 

{oi^gen.). 
acquaintance  (an),  ein  SBefann* 

itXf  m.,  inlets  like  an  adj. 
across,  iiber  {ace.  or  dat.), 
advice,  Siat,  m,  -e§ ;  to  take  — , 

9iat  an==ne^men, 
advise,  raten,  riet,  geraten  {dat. 

pers.), 
affair,  <B(x^t,f.  -n. 
after,  prep.^  nad^  {dat.)  ;  sub,  conj,, 

nac^bem;  adv.,  na(f)l^er,  barauf* 
afternoon,  S^larfintittag,  m.  -§,  -e, 
afterwards,  nad^l^er* 
again,  tote  bet,  nod)maB. 
against,  gegett  (d5<:^.)» 
age,  filter,  n.  -§, 
ago,  t)or   {dat.)  I  a  year  ago   = 

bor  einem  g^^r. 
alas!  ac^! 
alike,  gletd^* 
all,  adj.,  a\i)  (whole)  gang;  not 

.  .  .  at  all,  gar  nirf)t 


alley,  (S5affe,/-n. 

allowed,  be—,  biirfen,  burfte,  ge* 

burft. 
allusion,  5lnf:pielung,/.  -en,  (to, 

anf,  ace.), 
alone,  aUein,  all  — ,  gang  aEein. 
along,    enttang  {after  noun)\   to 

walk  — ,  entlang=gef)en. 
alongside,  an  bcr  ^txit,  \i^x^t\it\\, 
already,  j(^on. 
also,  and^, 

although,  obgleic^  {sub.  conj.), 
altogether,  uber§au|)t 
always,  immer, 

American,  5lmeri!aner,  /«.-§,—, 
among,  unter  {dat.  or  ace). 
amount,  (Snmme,/  -n, 
anchor,  %x\XtX,  m,  -%, — ;  at — , 

bor  5ln!er» 
and,  unb. 

angry,  gomig,  bofe, 
animal,  Xier, /«., -e^, -e. 
another,    ein  anberer,  no(^  ein; 

one  — ,  einanber. 
answer,  ^IntlDort,/.,  -en« 
answer,  to  — ,  anttoorten. 
any,  irgenb  ein ;  not  — ,  fein, 
anything,  irgenb  ettoa^;  not  — , 

nid^t§, 
anyway,  JebenfaU^^ 
appear,  erfd^eincn,  erfifiien,  er* 

fc^ienen^  f* 


57 


58 


VOCABUL.ARY 


approach,  ftc^  nal^en,  ftd^  na^ern. 
arise,  entfte^en,  entftanb,  entftan= 

ben,  f, 
around,  nm  (ace) ;  adv.,'i)exnm. 
arrive,  an=!ommen,  !atn  an,  ange^ 

fontmen,  {♦  (at,  in,  dat.). 
article,  (Ba(i)e,/.  -n. 
as,  tote;  (time)  al§;  (cause)  hd] 

as  .  .  .  as,  fo  ♦  ♦  .  tt)ie ;  —  if,  ai^ 

ob,  al§  toenn;  —  soon  as,  fobatb 

toie, 
ashamed,  to  be  — ,  fid)  f(i)amen. 
ashore,  (motion)  an'§  Sanb* 
aside,  ^t\  ©eite* 
ask,  (question)  fragen;  (request) 

bitten,  bat,  gebeten ;  — for,  bitten 

um  (acc>), 
ass,  (Sfel,  m.  -§,  — , 
assert,  be^aupten* 
assume,    an=ne^men,   na{)m   an, 

angenontnten. 
astonished,    erftaunt  (at,  iiber, 

ace). 
astonishment,  ©rftaunen,  n.  -§, 
at,  (town)  in  (dat.)\  (time)  unt 

(ace.)  ;  —  home,  §U  §anfe;  — 

the  side,  an  ber  ©eite, 
attack,  an=greifen,  griff  an,  ange» 

griffen. 
attention,  5Iuf nter!fam!eit,/.  -en. 
attentive,  aufmerffant, 
author,  ©d^riftfteEer,  m.  -§,  — . 
autumn,  §erbft/  m.  -e§,  -e;  late 

— ,  ©pdt^erbft,  m.  -e§,  -e. 
avaricious,  gelbgierig* 
away,  rtjeg,  fort,  batjon. 
awful,  f(i)redflid|. 


B. 

back,  adv.  guritcf;   the  -— ,  ber 

Sftiirfen,  /«.-§,  — ;  to  go  — ,  gn* 

riicE^fel^ren,  f. 
bad,  f(^Ied)t,  fc^Iintnt. 
bag,  ©atf,  m.  -e§,  -^e. 
bale,  $8aEen,  m.  -§,  — . 
bank,  Ufer,  n.  -§,  — » 
barn,  ©(f)enne,/.  -n. 
bathe,  baben» 
battle,  (5rf)ra(^t,/.  -en. 
beast,  Slier,  n.  -e^,  -e. 
beautiful,  pbfd^,  fd)on. 
because,  njeil  (sub.  conj.). 
become,  ttJerben,  tonrbe,  gettjor* 

ben,  f. 
bed,  '^tii,  n.  -e§,  -en. 
before,  prep.,  tior  (dat.  or  ace); 

Slid,  conj.,  t^t,  bet)or;  adv.,  t)or^ 

^er,  gnt)or. 
beg,    bettein;    (request)    bitten 

(for,  nm,  ^^c.)- 
beggar,  $8ettler,  m.  -§,  — . 
begin,  an=fangen,  fing  an,  ange* 

fangen. 

behind,  l^inter  (dat.  or  ace.)  ;  adv, 

^interl^er. 
belief,  ^laube,  m.  -n§,  -n;  —  in, 

©lanbe  an  (ace). 
believe,  glanben. 
belong,  gepren. 
beloved,  beliebt. 
bequeath,  tjerntod^en. 
better,  beffer;  you  had  —  do  it, 

t^un  (Sie  e§  lieber. 
bid,  ^eigen,  l^ieg,  gel^eifeen,  (takes 

double  ace). 


VOCABULARY 


59 


big,   grog  {comp.,  groger,  super., 

grofet). 
bill,  9ted)nung,/-en;  (for  drinks) 

Qedie,/.  -n, 
bitterly,  bitterlid), 
black,  fdjtoar^, 

blacksmith,  (Sd)mieb,  /«.  -e§,  -e. 
blessing,  ©egen,  ;;^.  -§,  — ♦ 
blind,  blinb, 
blow,  blafen,  blie^,  geblafen;  (of 

wind)  tDe^en;  to —  hard,  ftar! 

board,  on  — ,  an  S5orb. 

body,  ^or^er,  m.  -g,  — ;  Seib, 

w.  -e§,  -er, 
book,  $8ucf),  ;^.  -e^,  ^er» 
born,  geborem 
both,  beibe. 

bowling-alley,  ^egelbat|n,/-en. 
box,  tifte,/  -n, 
boy,  ^nabe,  i';^.  -n,  -n,  Qunge,  m. 

-n,  -n» 
bread,  $l3rot,  //.  -e§,  -e;  —  and 

butter,  $8utterbrot,  ?2.  -e^, 
break,  bred^en,  brac^,  gebro(i)en. 
breakfast,  grit^ftiid,  n.  -§,  -e, 
breast,  S5ruyt,/-^e. 
bridge,  S3ruc£e,/  -n, 
bridle,  Qiigel,  i^;^.  -§,  — . 
bring,  bringen,  bradE^te,  gebrad^t 
broad,  breit 
brook,  S8ad^,  w.  -e§,  -^e* 
brother,  S3ruber,  iw.  -g,  -^^ 
bucket,  ©inter,  ///.  -^,  — ♦ 
build,  bauen, 

building,  ©ebaube,  n.  -§,  — . 
bundle,  S3iinbef,  n.  -§,  — . 
burn,  brennen,  brannte,  gcbrannt. 


bury,  begraben,  begrub,  begraben 

bush,  S3uf^,  m.  -t^,  ^e. 

but,   aber,  aHein,  fonbern  (^only 

after  a  negative^ ;  nothing  — , 
ntd)t§  ar^ ;  not  only  .  .  .  but  al- 
so, nid)t  nur  ♦  ♦  *  fonbern  aud^. 

butter,  S3ntter,/ 

buy,  fanfen. 

by,  (place)  bet  {dat.)\  (agent) 
OOn  {dat.)\  (instrument)  bnrd) 
{ace.) 


cab,  %xo\6)lt,f.  -n» 

cabin,  ^ajiite,/. -n, 

cake,  ^ni^en,  m.  -4,  — ♦ 

calf,  ^alb,  n.  -eg,  ^er, 

call,  rufen,  rief,  gerufen;    to  be 

called,   l^etgen,   ^teg,  ge^eigen, 

genannt  fetn, 
can,  fonnen,  fonnte,  ge!onnt, 
cap,  aJiiige,/.  -n;  student's  — , 

©tubentenntii^e. 
captain,  ^a|)ttdn,  m.  -§,  -e. 
care,  forgem 
carouse,  ^t6)tn. 
carpenter,  %\\6)ltx,   m.  -§,  — ; 

gintnterntann,   m.  -§,  -  rente; 

-s  shop,  2^if  d^rernjerfftdtte,/  -n, 
carriage,  SSagen,  m.  -§,  — , 
carry,  tragen,  trng,  getragen, 
cart,  3Sagen,  m.  -§,  — , 
case,  ^ifte,/-n. 
case,  in  — ,  faEg  {sub.  conj.). 
cask,  gag,  n.  -eg,  -^er* 
catch,    fangen,   ftng,   gefangen; 

—  hold,  ergreifen,  ergriff,  er= 

griffem 


60 


VOCABULARY 


cattle,  SSie^,  n.  -e§, 

cause,  llrfad)e,/  -n;  to  — ,  t3er= 

urfad)en. 
cave,  §o^Ie,/.  -n, 
cent,  Sent,  ^?/.  -e^,  — . 
century,  Qafir^unbert,  n.  -4,  -e. 
certainly,  gett)i§. 
chalk,  ^reibe,/-n. 
change,  tiertoanbeln. 
chat,  :plaubern, 
cheap,  biEig, 
cherry,  ^irfi^e,/.  -n. 
child,  ^tnb,  /^.  -e§,  -er, 
chimney,  ©d)ornftein,  m.  -§,  -e. 
chocolate,  (5(^o!oIabe,/.  -n. 
church,  £ir(i)e,/.  -n, 
citizen,  33urger,  m.  -§,  — , 
city,  ©tabt,/.  ^e. 
class,  Piaffe,/ -n, 
clay,  Se^m,  w.  -§. 
clear,  flat* 
clock,    o'— ,   IX^r,  /. ;     at    three 

o'clock,  um  brei  U^r. 
close,  §u=inarf)en,  f d)Iie6en,  frf)Io6, 

gefd)toffen;  /V^/r^.,  fic^  fd)Iiegen, 
close  by,  bicf)t  bei  {dat.). 
cloth,  Xucf),  ?/.  -e§,  ^er, 
clothes,  Uit\htx,noin,pl.;  Qeug, 

club,  ^eulc,/.  -n. 
coal-mine,  ^of)(engrube,/  -n, 
coal-truck,  ^o^Ientoagen,  w.  -§, 

coffee,  ^affee,  w.  -§» 
cold,  talt ;  he  is  cold,  c§  f rtert  il^n. 
colony,  ^olonie,/. -n. 
color,  garbe,/. -n;   in  many  -s, 
hmxt 


come,  fommen,  !am,  gefommcn, 

f.;  —  back,  gurud-fommen,  f. 
comfort,  troften. 
commence,  an^^fangen,  fing  an, 

angefangen. 
commit,  bege^en, 
common,  gemein. 
comrade,  i^amerab,  m.  -en,  -en. 
conclusion,  (concluded),  ©d)lug, 

m.  -e§. 
condition,   (state),   guftanb,  m. 

-§,  -^e;  33ebingung,/.  -en. 
confusion,  ^erttJirrung,/  -en. 
congregation,  ©emeinbe,/  -n. 
connect,  terbtnben,  terbanb,  t)er* 

bun ben. 
consequently,  folglid^. 
considerable,  betrad)tUd^. 
contented,  §ufrieben. 
continue,  fort^fe^en,  fort^fal^rcn, 

fu^r  fort,  fortgefal^ren. 
continued,    (of  a  story),  gort^ 

fegung,/ 
copy,  ab=fd)reiben,  \6)x\th  ah,  Ci\)* 

gefd^rieben. 
cost,  foften. 
council,   9^at,  m.  -e§;    town  — , 

^i(i\)ixcii,  m.  -§. 
councilman,  fRat^l^err,  »^-n,-en. 
count,  §dl)len. 
country,  Sanb,  n.  -e§,  ^er;  in 

the  — ,  auf  bent  Sanbe. 
country-lane,  Sanbtt)eg,w.  -^,-e. 
county,  ©raffrfjaft,/.  -en. 
course,  of—,  natiirticf). 
cousin,  ©oufin,  m.  -^,  -§,  SBettcr, 

7n.-^,-\\\  (female  cousin)  ^afe^ 

/.  -n,  6:oufine,/  -n. 


VOCABULARY 


61 


cover,  (distance)  guriirf^egem 
cow,  ^u^,/.  -^e, 

credulity,  Setrf)tglau6tgf  eit,/.  -en. 
crime,  SSerbred)en,  n,  -§,  — , 
cross,  to  — ,  bur(i)fd)reiten,  burrf)= 

fd^ritt,  burd^f(f)rttten. 
cruelty,  ©raufanifett,/.  -en. 
cry,  fRnf ,  ni.  -e§,  -e. 
cry,   to  — ,  rnfen,  rief,  gernfen; 

(weep)  tneinen. 
cure,  ^eilen,  furieren. 
current,  ©tromnng,/  -en. 
cut,  fd^neiben,  fc^nttt,  gefc^nitten; 

—  off,  ab^fd^neiben. 


dance,  tan^en. 
dark,  bunfel,  ftnfter. 
day,  Xag,  m.  -e§,  -e. 
dead,  tot. 
dear,  lieb,  teuer. 
death,  2^ob,  w.  -e§,  -e. 
debtor,  6d)Ulbner,  w.  -§,  — . 
deceive,  betriigen,  betrog,  betro= 

gen. 
decide,  entfd)eiben,  entfd^ieb,  ent* 

f(i)ieben. 
deep,  tief ;  -ly,  tief . 
defeat,  9^ieberlage,/.  -n. 
defraud,  —  somebody  of  a  thing, 

einen  um  ettoa^  bringen. 
demand,  berlangen. 
depend,  fid)  t)erlaffen  (on,  auf, 

ace?). 
description,  S8efd)retbung,/.  -en. 
deserve,  toerbienen. 


desk,  $Ult,  m.  or  n.  -e§,  -e. 
despair,  SSergtDciflnng,/ 
destroy,  gerftoren. 
determine,  fic^  entfd^riegen,  ent* 

f(^(o6,  entfd)Ioffen. 
die,  fterben,  ftarb,  geftorben,  f. 
difference,  Unterf(J)ieb,  m.  -§,  -e. 
different,  terf^ieben;  (otherwise) 

anberg. 
dinner,  ajjittag^effen,  n.  -§, — ;  to 

have  — ,  §u  9Jiittag  effen. 
discharge  (of  cargo),  lofd^en, 

an§4aben. 
discontented,  un^ufrieben. 
discovery,  ©ntbedfung,/.  -en. 
disguise,  SSerfleibung,/.  -en. 
dissolve,  ^erf rf)met§en,  gerf c^ntolj, 

§erf(^ntoI§en,  f. 
distance,    (Sntfemnng,  /.    -en; 

some  — ,  eine  ©trede  toeit. 
distant,  entfemt. 
distinguish,  unterfd^eiben,  unter= 

fdE)teb,  unterfc^ieben. 
distress,  9^0 1,/. 
do,  t^un,  t^at,  get:§an. 
doctor,  ^oftor,  m.  -§,  -en. 
dodge,  ^niff,  m.  -e§,  -e. 
dog,  §nnb,  m,  -eg,  -e. 
dollar,   ®oEar,  m.  -4,  -4;  five 

dollars,  fiinf  ^oUar. 
donkey,  @fel,  m.  -§  — » 
door,  Xpr,/. -en. 
down,  ab,  t)erab,  l^inab;  —  the 
street,  bte  ©trage  f)inab  or^erab. 
dozen,  2)n^enb,  n.  -4,  -e. 
draw,  gie^en,  gog,  gegogen;  — 
attention,   Slufmer!fam!eit   auf 
fid^  Siel^en. 


62 


VOCABULARY 


dress,  to  — ,  fleiben,  an-^ie^en, 

§og  an,  angegogen, 
drink,  trinfen,  tratt!,  getrunf en. 
drive,  the  — ,  ga^rt,/.  -en. 
drive,  to  — ,  treiben,  trieb,  getrte= 

ben;  (in  a  vehicle)  fal^ren,  fuijr, 

gefaf)ren,  f.;  — away,  tertreiben, 

tjertrieb,  tjertrieben. 
driver,  guf)rntonn,  w.  -§,  ♦  ♦ .  lente. 
drown,  to  be  -ed,  ertrinfen,  er= 

tran!,  ertrunfen,  f . ;  (soundlouder) 

iibertonen. 
druggist,  '^ipot^ttex,  m.  -4,  — . 
dnig-store,  3lpotf)e!e,/.  -n. 
during,  tval)xenh  (^^«.)» 
Dutch,  !^oIldnbtfd)» 
Dutchman,  §ofldnber,  m.  ■-§,  — . 
duty,  WW  J-  -^tt- 

R 

each,  jeber,  -e,  -e§;  —  one,  ein 

jeber. 
early,  friit). 
earn,  t)erbienen ;  to  —  one's  living, 

fein  S3rot  tjerbienen. 
earnestly,  ernft. 
East,  Often,  m.  -§ ;  (orient)  Tlox^ 

gentanb,  n.  -e§. 
East  Indies,  Dft^Qnbien,  n.  -§. 
easy,  Iet(i)t 
eat,  effen,  ag,  gegeffen;  —  up, 

anf^effen. 
either,  enttoeber;  —  ...  or,  ent* 

toeber  .  .  .  ober. 
eldest,  diteft. 
eleven,  elf. 
else,  fonft. 


empty,  leer. 

England,  ©nglanb,  n.  -g. 

English,  englifd^. 

enough,  genug. 

enter,  etn4reten,  trat  ein,  etnge«» 

treten,  f. 
equal,  -ly,  gletrf). 
especially,  befonber^. 
even,  fogar;  not — ,  fogar  nid^t. 
evening,  5lbenb,  m.  -§,  -e;  this 

— ,  l^eute  Slbenb. 
ever,  jema(§ ;  for  — ,  auf  etuig. 
every,  jeber, -e, -e§;  aUe  (//.)• 
everybody,  jeberntann. 
everything,  aEe§. 
everywhere,  liberaE. 
exactly,  genau. 
examination,  ^riifung,/.   -en; 

©janten,  «.-§,..  .ntina;  to  pass 

an  — ,  ein  ©jatnen  befte^en. 
examine,  ipriifen,  ejantinieren. 
exclaim,  au§=ruf en,  rief  au§,  aii§* 

gerufen. 
excuse,  entf d^urbigen ;  — me,  ent* 

fd^nlbigen  ©ie. 
exercise,  5lufgabe,/.  -n;  @jer* 

citinnt,  n.  -^,  . ,  .tia. 
expense,  Soften,  //. ;  at  the  — , 

auf  Soften. 
experiment,  SSerfud^,  m.  -§,  -c. 
expression.  §(u§brud,  m.  -§.  -^e, 
eye,  5luge,  n,  -§,  -n. 

P. 

face,  (SJeftd^t,  n,  -§,  -er. 

faithful,  trcu. 

fall,  fallen,  fici,  gefaUen,  f. 


VOCABUI.ARY. 


63 


family,  gantilie,/  -n, 

famous,  berii^mt* 

far,  tDeit 

farce,  gaftnad^tf^tet,  n.  -§,  -c, 

farmer,  Sanbtttann,  m.  -^,  -leute, 

farm-laborer,   S3auern!ned)t,  m. 

fast,  fd^neE,  raf^, 

father,  Skater,  m.  -§,  ^, 

favour,  begiinftigeiu 

fear,  furd)ten. 

feeble,  fd^tDac^, 

feel,  fii^len,  intrs.  ftc^  fut)ren. 

fellow,  (very  familiar),  ^erl,  m. 

-^,  -e;  ajienfc^,  m.  -en,  -en; 

young  -s,  junge  Seute. 
fellow-man,  9Jlittnenjd),  m.  -en, 

-en, 
festival,  geft,  ;^.  -e§,  -e, 
fetch,  l^olen, 

few,  ttjenige ;  a  — ,  einige,  ein  ipaar, 
field,  gelb,  n.  -e§,  -er. 
fifteen,  fiinf^etin. 
finally,  jc^Iieglid), 
find,  finben,  fanb,  gefttnben* 
finder,  ginber,  m,-^,  — . 
fine,  fd^on. 

first,  adj.  erft;  adv.  perft. 
five,  fiinf. 

flow,  fliegen,  flog,  gefloffen,  f. 
flute,  grote,/.  -n,  $feife,/  -n. 
follow,  folgen,  f,  {dat.^. 
fond,  to  be  —  of  doing  anything, 

ettoag  geni  t^un. 
foolish,  einfcilttg.  [5ug. 

foot,  gug,  m.  -e§,  ^e ;  on  — ,  gu 
for,  prep.,  fiir  (tzc^.);  conj.,  benn; 

—  many  years,  t)tele  Qa^re  lang. 


force,  jttjingen,  §tt)ang,  ge^ttjun* 
gen. 

fore-leg,  SBorberbetn,  n.  -§,  -e. 

forget,  t)ergeffen,  t)ergag,  t)ergey^ 
fen. 

former,  the  — ,  ber  erftere. 

fortune,  (SJIiicE,  n.  -e§ ;  (property) 
^Sermogen,  n,  -§,  — . 

four,  t)ier. 

fourteen,  t)ier5ef)n, 

fraud,  SSetrug,  m.  -§. 

Frederick,  griebrtd^,  ^z^.  -^. 

free,  fret. 

French,  franco f if c^. 

frequent,  to  — ,  befnd^en. 

friend,  greunb,  m.  -e§,  -e;  (fe- 
male friend)  greunbin,/.  -nen. 

frighten,  bangentacf)en,erfc^reden 
{weak) ;  to  be  -ed,  erfd)re(len, 
erfc^ra!,  erfd^rotfen,  bange  fein. 

from,  t)on  (^^a)  ;  au§  (^/a;^.)- 

front,  ^^^  t)orber. 

front,  in  —  of,  t)Or  {dat.  and  ace). 

full,  t)0E. 

fun,  to  make  —  of,  fid^  tuftig  ma* 
rf)en  iiber  (^^<r.j. 

funeral,  S8egrabnt§,  n,  -niffe§,  -c. 

funeral-procession,  £eidf)en§ug, 
/?^?.  -§,  -^e* 

further,  toeiter^ 

garden,  (Smarten,  m.-^,^, 
generation,  @efd^Ied)t,  /^.  -§,  -er ; 

from  —  to  — ,  t)on  %t\^lt6)i  5U 

©efd)fe(i)t 
gentleman,  §err,  /«.  -n,  -en. 


64 


VOCABULARY 


genuine,  edf)t 

George,  (SJeorg. 

German,  beutfd^;  the  — ,  hex 
^eutfc^e  {inflects  like  an  adj.), 

Germany,  ^eutfc^Ianb,  n,  -^. 

get,  (become)  ttjerben,  tourbe,  ge= 
tDorben,  f » ;  (come  )  f  ommen,  !am, 
gef omnten,  f, ;  (receive)  befont* 
men ;  —up,  attHt^^^^^Jt^^^^  ^'^\> 
aufgeftanben,  {.;  —  down,  ab^ 
ftetgen,  ftieg  o,^,  abgeftiegen,  f.; 

—  on  (mount),  auf=^fteigen,  f.; 

—  back,  gurM^befommen. 
girl,  SD^abd^en,  n.  -§,  — . 

give,  geben,  gab,  gegeben;  — in, 

nac^^geben, 
glad,  frol^;  tobe— ,  fid^  freuen; 

to  be  —  of,  fic^  freuen  iibsr 

{acc,\ 
gladly,  gem. 
go,  ge^en,  ging,  gegangen,  |.;  — 

on  (continue),  fort^fal^ren,  fu^r 

fort,  f ortgef ai^ren ;  (walk  on), 

rreiter^ge^en,  f. 
goldsmith,  QJolbfd^ttiieb,  m.  -§, 

gone,  adv.  loeg,  fort. . 

good,  gut. 

goods,  ©liter,  (//.  of  (5Jut,  n.  = 

property). 
gradually,  aUmal^lid^. 
grave,  (SJrab,  «.  -e§,  ^er. 
great,  grog. 
Greek,  adj.  gried^tfd^. 
grief,  Summer,  m.  -§. 
grieved,  betriibt,  befiimmert. 
groimd,  SBoben,  m,  -§ ;  on  the  — , 

auf  ber  (£rbe« 


grow,  load^fen,  ttjud^§,  getoad^fcn, 

f.;  (become)  toerbeu. 

grown-up,  ertoad^fen. 

guess,  raten,  riet,  geraten. 

guide,  iini)xev,  m.  -4, — ;  —  book, 
giil^rer,  m.  -§,  — . 

gymnastic-apparatus,  Xuritgc* 
rat,  n.  -§,  -e. 

gymnastics,  Xurnen,  n.  S;  in- 
struction in  — ,  2:urnunterrid^t, 
m.  -§. 


habit,  ©etool^nl^eit,/  -en. 

hair,  ^aax,  n.  -e§,  -e. 

half,  adj.  ^alb ;  the  — ,  bie  §arfte, 

-n;  half  past  five,  l^alb  fed)§. 
ham,  ©d^inf  en,  m.  -§,  — . 
hand,  §anb,/.  ^e. 
happen,  gef^el^en,  gcfd^al^,  gc* 

f^e^en,  f. 
happy,  gliidflid^. 
harbor,  §af  en,  m.  -%,  ^. 
hard,  (difficult)  fcf)toer;  to  blow 

— ,    ftarf    toe^en;    —   hearted, 

l^artl^erjig. 
hardly,  faum. 
hat,  §ut,  m.  -e§,  ^e. 
have,  l^aben,  t^atte,  gel^abt;  —  to, 

ntiiffen,  mugte,  gemugt;  to  — 

a  thing  done,  etioa^  madden  laf* 

fen. 
he,  er;  —  who,  ber  toeld^er  or 

berjenige  toeld^er. 
head,  ^opf,  ni.  -e§,  *e;  (chief), 

^aupt,  n.  -c^,  ^er^ 
hear,  pren* 


VOCABULARY 


65 


hearse,  Seid^entoagen,  m.  -g,  — . 
heart,  §er§,  n.  -en§,  -en. 
hearty,  l^erglic^. 
heaven,  ^imtnel,  m.  -§,  — . 
heavy,  fditoer;  -ily  laden,  fd)tDer* 

belaben. 
help,  ^elfen,^alf,  ge^olfen,  (^dat.) ; 

to   —  oneself    (at    table),   ftc^ 

nel^ttten,  fic^  bebienen. 
hen,  ©ul^n,  n,  -e§,  ^er. 
her,  fie  (^acc.)\  il^r  {dat.)\  poss. 

il)r,  il^re,  i^r. 
here,  §ier. 
hide,  toerftccfen,  t)erbergen,  tier* 

barg,  t)erborgen. 
high,  f)0(i),  {comp.  p^er,  J2//^r. 

pd)ft);  -ly,§od). 
hill,  §ugel,  /?2.  -^,  — ;  $8erg,  w. 

-eg,  -e. 
him,  t^n  («^<:.);  i^^  (^dat.). 
himself,  \\^. 

hind-leg,  §interbein,  n,  -§,  -e. 
hinge,  5lnget,/-n. 
his,  fein,  feine,  {ein. 
hold,  :^alten,  ^ielt,  gel^arten. 
hole,  Soc^,  n.  -e§,  ^er. 
home,  «^z/.  nad)  §auf e,  ^eim ;  at 

— ,  5U  §aufe ;  from  — ,  tjon  ©au= 

}e;    the    home    (native   place), 

bie  §eimat,/.  -en. 
honest,  e^rlid). 
horror,  ©ntfegen,  n,  -4, 
horse,  $f erb,  n.  -e§,  -e ;  —  fair, 

$ferbemar!t,  m.  -§,-^e;  —  shoe, 

§uf eifen,  n.  -4,  — . 
hot,  ^eig. 
hotel,  §otet,  n.  -4,  -4\  (SJaPof, 

m.  -§,  -^e. 


hour,  ©tunbe,/. -n. 

house,  §au§,  n.  -c§,  ^cr. 

ho-w,  tuie. 

however,  jebod^,  aber;  — much, 

iDie  fe^r  .  .  .  anc^. 
humble,  befc^eiben. 
hundred,  §unbert,  n.  -§,  -e. 
hurry,  @ire,/;  to  be  in  a  — ,  @ilc 

^aben;  to  — ,  eilen. 
husband,  ajjann,  m.  -z^,  ^er. 

I. 

I,  i^. 

if,  tuenn  {sub.  conj,') ;  (whether), 
Ob  {^sub.    conj,)  ;   as  — ,  al§  ob 

(toenn) ;  even  if,  ttjenn . . .  ani^. 
ill,  franf. 

immediately,  fogleic^. 
immortal,  unfterblid). 
impossible,  unmoglidf). 
improve  (oneself),  \x6)  t)erbeffem. 
impudent,  frecft. 
in,  prep.,  in  (^dat.  or  ace.)  ;  adv., 

cin,  ijerein,  -^inein. 
increase,  intrs.,  fid)  t)emte;^ren; 

^rj-.,  t)erme^ren. 
indeed,  freilic^,  \x\,  ber  ^§at 
India,  Qnbien,  n.  -§. 
inestimable,  unfd)a^bar. 
inhabitant,  @intt)0^ner,w.-^, — . 
inn,  ©d^enfe,/.  -n,  2Btrt§^an§,  «. 

-e§,  -^er ;  village  — ,  2)orf f d)en!e, 

/  -n. 
insist  on,  befte{)en  auf  (^acc). 
instance,  for  — ,  pm  §8eif:pieL 
instead  of,  anftatt  (gen.);  {with 

verb)  anftatt  gU  {with  inf.). 


66 


VOCABUlxA.RT 


instruction,  Unterrii^t,  m.  -§; 
— in  gymnastics,  Xurnunterrid)t, 

insure,  t)erfi(i)em. 

into,  in  {acc,^, 

invent,  ecfinben,  erfanb,erfunben« 

invention,  ©rfinbung,/  -en. 

island,  Snfel,/.  -n. 


Jack,  §an§  {abbr.  ^^o^auiteg). 
joined,  to  be  —  to  (border  on), 

grengen  an  (^acc.^. 
jolly,    luftig;  to  have  a  —  time, 

fid)  amiifieren,  luftig  fein. 
journey,  S^eifc,/  -n. 
journeyman,  §anbn)er!§burfd)e, 

m.  -n,  -n,  ^cfeEe,  m,  -n,  -n» 
joy,  grcube,/.  -n. 
joyful,  -ly,  freubig. 
judge,  9ftid)ter,  m.-^,  — . 
judgment,  Urteil,  n.  -§,  -c;  to 

pass  — ,  Urteil  fallen. 
July,  Quit,  7n,  -§. 
jump,  fpringen,  fprang,  gefprun= 

gen,  f. 
June,  Quni,  m.  -^. 
just,  eben;  — as,  gerabe  n)ie. 


keep,  Bel^alten,  be^ielt,  be^alten. 
kill,  toten,  tot  madden. 
kind,  freunblic^,  giitig ;  —  heart- 
ed, gutl)cr§ig ;— Sir,  lieber  §err. 
king,  ^onig,  m,  -§,  -e. 


knock,    ftogen,   ftieg,   geftogen; 

—  at    the  door,    o\\    \At   Xpr 
!ro|)fcn. 

know,   toiffen,   tougte,   getougt; 

(be    acquainted    with)    feuueu, 

fannte,  gefannt. 
known,  befannt ;  best  — ,  bef ann* 

teft. 

L. 

laden,  bclaben. 

lady,  ^ame,/.  -n. 

lake,  (See,  m.  -§,  -n. 

lame,  lal^m. 

lane,  SKeg,  m.  -e§,  -e;  country 

— ,  £anbn)eg,  m.  -§,  -e. 
large,  grog;  {co7np,  groger). 
last,  fegt;  at  — ,  guregt,  enblid^; 

—  night,  geftem  "^^^i,  geftern 
5Ibenb. 

last,  to  — ,  bauern ;  to  make  the 
money  last,  ntit  bem  ©elbe  au§* 
fommen. 

late,  f^at;  —  husband,  feliger 
aJlann. 

Latin,  lateinifd^. 

latter,  the  — ,  ber  legtere. 

laugh,  ladjen;  the  — ,  )i^9,  fiarfjen, 

n.  -§. 

lazy,  faul,  trage. 

lead,  fiif)ren. 

learn,  lernen. 

least,  at  — ,  tt)enigften§. 

leave,  ijerlaff  en,  t)crlie6,  tjerlaffen ; 
taffen;  (bequeath)  Ijinterlaffen. 

left,  linfe;  adv.  linfg;  (over,  re- 
maining) iibrig. 


VOCABULARY 


67 


leg,  SSein,  n.  -e§,  -e, 

lend,  Ici^en,  liet),  geliel^en, 

lesson,  (task)  3lufgabe,  /  -n, 
Section,/,  -en;  (hour  of  instruc- 
tion) <Stunbe,/.  -n, 

let,  laffen,  lieg,  gelaffen, 

letter,  S3nef,  m.  -e§,  -e. 

liar,  Siigner,  m.  -g,  — ♦ 

lie,  liegen,  lag,  getegen;  (to  tell 
a  lie)  litgen,  Tog,  gelogen, 

life,  Seben,  n.  -§,  — . 

lifeless,  Tebro^. 

lift,  l^eben,  ^ob,  ge^oben. 

light,  £i(f)t,  n.  -e§,  -er, 

like,  to  — ,  gem  ^aben,  ntogen; 
I  should  — ,  i(^  ntO(i)te  gem;  he 
likes  to  talk,  er  f|3ri(i)t  gem. 

like,  ad/.,QU\6)  (dat.);  adv.,tvk, 

likewise,  gleidifaEg. 

limp,  :^tn!en. 

listen,  gU'pren;  he  listened  to 
me,  er  i)orte  mir  §u. 

little,  (of  size)  ftein;  (of  quan- 
tity) tDenig;  a  — ,  ein  toenig. 

live,  leben;  (dwell)  tuo^nen. 

load,  Sabnng,/. -en. 

load,  to  — ,  laben,  Inb,  gelaben. 

lock,  5U=f^Iiegen,  fd)Iog  p,  §nge* 
fc^loffen. 

locomotive,  £ocomotit)e,/.  -n. 

lonely,  einfam. 

long,  lang,  adv.,  lange. 

look,  fef)en,  fa  J),  gefe^en;  —  at, 
an«feJ)en  (wz'l/i  ace.)  ;  he  looked 
at  him,  er  fa§  i^n  an;  (appear) 

au§=fet)en. 
lose,  bertieren,  t^erlor,  tierroren. 
loss,  SSerluft,  m.  -e§,  -e. 


lot,  So§,  n.  -e0. 

loud,  laut. 

love,  lie  ben. 

lower,  nnter. 

low-land,  glai^lanb,  n.  -§,  ^er. 

luggage,  (^ep'dd,  n.  -§,  -e. 

M. 

machine,  9JJafc^tne,/  -n. 
magic,    gauber,  m.  -^;  —  ring, 

^auberring,  m.  -§,  -e ;  —  charm, 

3auber!raft,/.  -^e. 
magnificent,  :pra(^tt)oE. 
mail,  to  — ,  auf  hie  ^oft  geben. 
majesty,  SD^ajeftcit,/.  -en. 
make,  madden. 
man,  9}^ann,  m.  -e§,  ^er. 
manner,  SSeife,/. -n. 
mantle,  Tlantel,  m.  -§,  •^. 
many,  tiiele.  [gegangen,  f. 

march,  marf  cf)ieren,  f . ;  ge^en,  gtng, 
mark,  gjjar!,/.— . 
market,   SD^arft,  m.  -e§,  -^e;  — 

place,  SD^aritptal,  m.  -e§,  -^e. 
mathematics,  SD^atl^entatif,/. 
matter,  <Bcid)e,/.  -n;  it  does  not 

matter,  e§  tf)ut  nt(^t§,  e§  mad^t 

nirf)t§  an§. 
mayor,  SSurgernteifter,  m.  -§,  — , 
mean,  (signify),  bebeuten;  (think), 

meinen. 
means,  SD^ittel,  n.  -§,  — ♦ 
meat,  gfeifcf),  n.  -e§. 
meet,  treffen,  traf,  getroffen;  be* 

gegnen  (^dat.)  f, ;  (to  assemble) 

§ufammen==f ommen,  !am  gnfam^ 

men,  sufammen^gefommen. 


68 


VOCABULARY 


merchant,  ^auftttann,  w.  -§, , . . 

leutc, 
merry,  luftig* 

middle-ages,  aj^ittelalter  n.  -§. 
mile,  ajieile,/.  -n. 
mine,  @rube,/.  -n* 
minute,  2Jiinute,/  -n. 
mistake,  Qrrtunt,  m.  -§,  ^er ;  (in 

an  exercise,  etc.)  ^t^izx,  m.  -^, 

mistaken,  to  be  — ,  ftc^  irren,  \\&j 
t}erfe:^en,  berfai),  t)erfe§en, 

misunderstanding,9Jlt{}t)er[tanb' 
ni§,  n.  -nifje§,  -iiiffe, 

mockingly,  f^ottenb, 

moment,  5lugeublid,  m.  -§,  -e. 

money,  ^elb,  ;2.  -e§,  -er, 

month,  SJlonat,  w.  -§,  -c, 

more,  me^r, 

morning,  SJiorgen,  w.  -§,  — . 

most,  meift ;  «^z^.  am  nteiften, 

mother,  SD^utter,/.  ^, 

mount,  befteigen,  beftieg,  beftie= 
gen. 

mountain,  SBerg,  w.  -e§,  -e. 

mouse,  Wau^ff.  ^e. 

mouth,  ajiunb,  w.  -eg. 

move,  gie^en,  gog,  ge^ogen,  f.; 
—  down,  fief)  l^erunter=  or  l^inun^ 
ter^gie^en;  —  along,  fid^  fort* 
betDegen. 

Mr.,  §err,  m.  -n,  -en. 

Mrs.,  gi^au,/.  -en. 

much,  t)iel. 

mud,  ©rf)mn-^,  m.  -e§,  ^ot,  w.  -e§. 

muddy,  fc^mugig. 

music,  SiJlufi!,/. 

must,  ntiiffen,  mngte,  gentugt. 


mutilate,  Uerftiimmeln. 
my,  ntein. 

N. 

name,  Skamt,  m.  -n§,  -n. 

narrow,  eng. 

native,  ©ingeborener,  {inflects  like 

adj.), 
native  village,  §eimat§borf,  n. 

-e§,  -^er. 
navigator,   ©eefa^rer,  m.  -§  — , 
near,  na^e(^^/.)»  na:^ebci(^«^.); 

-er,    nd:^er;  -est,    ndd^ft;    to 

come  — ,  fi(i)  nd^ern. 
nearly,  betnaf)e. 
neck,   §alg,  /??.  -e§,  -^e;  (nape) 

9^a(ien,  w.  -§,  — . 
need,  brau(i)en. 
neighbourhood,  9f^di)e,/ 
neighbouring,  benac^bart. 
neither  .  .  .  nor,  tDeber  .  . .  nod^. 
never,  niemalg,  nie. 
new,  neu. 
next,  nd(i)ft. 
nice,  nett. 
night,  9^ad)t,/.  ^e ;  last  — ,  geftern 

9^a(^t,  geftern  3(benb. 
nine,  neun. 
no,  adj.  f  ein ;  adv.,  nein ;  —  one, 

feiner,  niemanb,  -§ ;  no  ...  at 

all,  gar  f  ein. 
nobody,  niemanb,  -§,  feiner. 
noise,  Sdrm,  m.  -g, 
none,  feiner. 
nor,  noc^. 
not,  nid)t;  —  a,  fein;  —  at  all, 

gamid)t. 


VOCABULARY 


69 


nothing,  nic^t§;  —  at  all,  gar* 
ni^tS;  nothing  but,  ni(^t§  at§. 
notice,  benter!en. 
now,  nun,  je^t 


obedience,  (SJeljorfanifeit,/.  -en* 
obedient,  ge^orfant, 
obey,  ge^ord^en  {dat,). 
o'clock,  U^r;  at  ten  — ,  unt  je^n 

U^r;  at  half  past  ten  — ,  unt 

^alB  elf  U^r. 
of,   t)On   {dat.^\    (material)    {\^X^, 

t)On  {dat.), 

off,  tt)eg,  bat)on. 

offer,  an==bieten,  Bot  an,  angebo^ 

ten;  —  a  reward,  etue  S3eIo^= 

nung  au§^fe|en. 
officer,  Of ftjier,  m.  -§,  -e, 
often,  oft. 
Oh!  %6)\£)^\ 
old,  alt;  -en,  alt,  {comp,  alter), 

on,  auf,  axi  {dat.    or  ace.) ;  adv.^ 

toeiter,  fort. 
once,  einmal,  etnft;  at  — ,  fo* 

glei(j^;  —  more,  nod^  einmal; 

—  upon  a  time  there  was,  e§ 

tear  einmal,  e§  gab  («<;^.)  ein= 
tttaL 
one,  etn ;  pron.,  einer,  ber  eine ;  — 
of  them,  einer  t)on  il^nen;  any 
— ,  irgenb  einer;  every  — ,  ie= 
berntann ;  no  — ,  nientanb ;  some 
— ,  jemanb;  the  — ,  ber  eine; 

—  another,  etnanber. 

only,  nur;  adj.,  eingig;  not  —  . .  . 
but  also,  nid)t  nur  . . .  fonbern 
auct). 


opal,  jD|)aI,  m.  -e§,  -e. 

open,  offnen,  auf=ntad^en;  intr., 

ftc^  offnen. 
or,  ober;  either ...  or,  enttoeber 

. . .  ober. 
order,  (command)  befe{)Ien,  be* 

fat)I,befo§Ien(^«/.);  —  (goods, 

etc.)  beftellen. 
order,  the  — ,  ber  S3efe^r,  -^,  -e; 

(commission)  SSefteHung,/.  -en; 

in  —  that,  bantit ;  in  —  to,  um 

...p. 
ordinary,  getOO^nlid^. 
other,  anber;  each  — ,  einanber, 

fid) ;  the  -s,  bie  anberen. 
other-wise,  fonft. 
ought,  I  — ,  t(^  f oUte ;  he  ought  to 

have  done  it,  er  ptte  e§  t^un 

foUen. 

out,  out  of,  aU§  {dat.)  ;  adv.  au§, 

^inau§,  ^eraug.  $inaug  means 
motion  away  from  the  speaker, 
{)erau§  motion  towards  the 
speaker. 

over,  liber  {dat.  or  acc.)\  adv., 
]^tn=  or  t)er*iiber. 

owe,  fc^ulbig  fein,  fi^utben;  (be 
obliged  for)  berbanfen. 

owner,  S3efi|er,  m.  -§,  — . 

ox,  ^^^,  m.  -en, -en. 


Pacific  Ocean,  StiHe  9Jleer,  n, 

-e§. 
pain,  to  — ,  fc^mergen. 
paradise,  $arabie§,  n.  -e§  ;  in  — , 

im  $arabieg. 


70 


VOCABULARY 


Paris,  5§ari§,  n. 

part,  ^^eil,  ni,  -e§,  -e, 

part,  to  — ,  fd)eiben,  fd^ieb,  ge= 
fd)ieben« 

pass,  —by,  t)orbet==ge^en, f. ;  (of 
time)  tjerge^en,  f. ;  —  an  exami- 
nation, etn  (gjanten  Beftefien; 
—  judgment,  Urteil  (^.)  faEeii, 

passenger,  ^affagier,  m.  -§,  -e, 

patiently,  geDuIbtg, 

pawn,  t)erfe^en,  t)er-|)fdnben, 

pay,  beja^Ien, 

pay-day,  S^^^t^S/  ^-  "^^r  -^* 

peasant,  S3auer,  m,  -^,  -n;  -s 
wife,  SBauernf rau,  /.  -en ;  -boy, 
S5auem!nabe,  w.  -n,  -n. 

pedler,  Xrobler,  w.  -§,  — . 

pen,  geber,/-n, 

pencil,  S3Ieiftif t,  m.  -§,  -e ;  S5Iei= 
feber,/.  -n* 

people,  £eute,//. 

perceive,  Benterfen. 

perhaps,  t)ieEeid)t. 

perish,  utn^fotnmen,  fant  um,  um= 
gelommen. 

person,  ^erfon,/.  -en» 

physician,  %xii,  m.  -e§,  ^e. 

pick  up,  auf=]^eben,  l^ob  auf,  auf^ 
ge^oben. 

picture,  S3ilb,  ;2.  -e§,  -er ;  —  gal- 
lery, SBilbergalerie,/.  -n» 

piece,  ©tiidE,  ?^.  -e§,  -e. 

plan,  pan,  w. -e§,  ^e. 

play,  fpielen, 

pleasant,  angenel)m, 

please,  gefaEen,  gepel,  gefaHen, 
(dat.) ;  (request)  btttc ;  be  pleased 

with,  \\^  freucn  iiber  (^c^r.)- 


pleasure,  S8ergnugen,  n.  -4,  — . 
pocket,  %Ci\^t,f.  -n ;  —  money, 

Xafrf)engelb,  ^.  -e§,  -er* 
poet,  %\6)itx,m.-4,—. 
pole,  (Stange,/. -n. 
police-court,  ^ori^eiamt,  n.  -4, 

•^er* 
polite,  f)5flid^» 
ponderously,  fd)tt)erfdllig. 
poor,  arm;  -er,  drmcr;  -ly,  arm* 

possess,  befi^en,  'bt\ci%  befeffen. 

possible,  mogridfi* 

postal-card,  ^oftfarte,/.  -n* 

potato,  ^artoffel,/.  -n. 

power,  ajlac^t,/.  ^e ;  ^raft,/.  ^e, 

practical,  :pra!tif(f). 

practice,  iiben,  \x6)  iiben. 

preach,  :prebtgen, 

preacher,  ^rebiger,  m,  -§,  — , 

prescription,  Sfte^e^t,  n.  -e^,  -e. 

present,  pgegen, 

pretty,  f)ubfc^,  fd)On;  (consider- 
ably) giemlid);  —  good,  giem* 
ltd)  gut. 

prince,  ^rin^,  7n.  -en, -en;  %Vix\i, 
m.  -en,  -en. 

prize,  fd^d^en. 

probably,  ttja^rfd^eintidf). 

procession,  3^9/  ^-  ~^^t  ^^* 

promise,  t)erf|)red)en,  berfprad^, 
t)erf:proc^en. 

promise,  the  — ,  ba^  SBerfprec^en, 

property,  (Sigentum,  n.  -§,  ^er. 
prove,  betoeif en,  betoieg,  betoie jcm 
Prussian,  adj,  preugifd). 
punishment,  (Strafe,/,  -n. 


VOCABITLART 


71 


pupil,  (Sd^uler,  m.  -§,  — ;  fem. 

©djiilerm,/  -nen, 
purpose,  5lbfi(^t,/.  -en;  on  — , 

mit  5lbft^t,  abft(f)trid), 
push,  fd^ieben,  jc^ob,  gefd)oben; 

—  aside,  bet  ©ette  fd^ieben, 
put,  fteEen,  ftecten,  fe^en;  —  in, 

l^ineinfe^en. 

Q. 

quarrel,  ©treit,  m.  -e§,  -e, 
quarrel,  to  — ,  ftc^  ftreiten,  ftritt, 

geftritten. 
quarter,  §8iertel,  m.  -§,  — ;   — 

to  five,  SBiertel  t)or  fiinf  or  brei 

SStertel  auf  fiinf. 
queer,  fonberbar,  !omifd), 
quick,  jd^neU,  rafd^. 
quiet,  rul^ig* 
quite,  gang. 


railroad,  ©tfenba^n,/ -en. 

rain,  the  — ,  ber  Otegen,  -g,  — ♦ 

rain,  to  — ,  regnen. 

rank,  Steil^e,/. -n. 

rapidly,  f^neH. 

rascal,  (Sd^elnt,  m.  -§,  -e. 

rat,    9ftatte,  /    -n; catcher, 

Sftattenfdnger,  m.-^,  — . 
rather,    lieber;   —  than,    lieber 

atg. 
reach,  erreic^en. 
read,  lefen,  \q&,  gelefen. 
ready,  bereit. 
really,  ipirflic^. 


reason,  (ground)  @runb,  m,  -e§, 

^e ;  for  that  — ,  au^  bent  ^rnnbe. 
receive,  er^alten,  er^telt,  er^alten. 
recess,  greiftnnbe,/.  -n. 
recognise,  erfennen,  erfannte,  er= 

fannt. 
reflect,  juriidE^ftra^^Ien. 
relation,   relative,    SSernjanbt-er, 

m,  {inflects  like  a7t  adj.). 
remain,  bleiben,  blteb,  geblieben,  f. 
remember,   fid)  ertnnern  {gen.). 
remind  of,  ertnnern  an  {ace), 
remove,  befeittgen. 
repeat,  ttJieber^oIen. 
reply,  the  — ,  bte  ©rtriberung,  -en. 
reply,  ertotbern,  antttjorten. 
reproach,  bor^tDerfen,  trarf  Dor, 

k)orgett)orf en ;  —  somebody  for 

something,  jentanbent  tixoa^  t)or= 

toerfen. 
rest,  the  — ,  bcr  O^eft,  -e§,  -e. 
rest,  to  — ,  rul^en,  fic^  au§ru:^en. 
result,  (Srfolg,  J7t.  -§,  -e. 
retain,  bef)alten,  bel)ielt,  be^alten. 
return  (to  give  back),  gurutf-ge* 

ben;    (to  come   back)  prM* 

fomnten,  gnrxicf^fe^ren,  f. 
review,   the  — ,  bte  SJ^uftemng, 

-en. 
review,  to  — ,  tnuftem. 
revolve,  ftd^  bre^en. 
reward,  $8eIo^nnng,  /  -en;  to 

offer  a  — ,  etne  SBelo^nung  om^^ 

fegen. 
rich,  retc^. 

riches,  9?eid)tnnt,  m.  -§,  -^er. 
rid,  log ;  to  get  —  of,  log  toerben 

{ace). 


72 


VOCABULARY 


riddle,  Slatfel,  n,  -§,  — . 
ride,  (on  horseback)  reiten,  rttt, 
geritten,  f.  or  1^;  (in  a  vehicle) 

fasten,  fu!^r,  gefa^ren,  f. 
right,  recf)t ;  all  — ,  f d)on  gut 
ring,  S^tng,  »2.  -e§,  -e. 
rise,  auf4te§en,  ftanb  auf,  auf ge= 

ftanben,  [♦ 
river,  glug,  w.  -e§,  -^e. 
road,  SSeg,  »?.  -e§^  -e ;  by  the  — 

side,  am  SBege. 
roll   (of  bread),  ©emttiel, /.   -n, 

S3rotrf)en,  ;^.  -^,  — . 
roof,  S)a(^,  /^.  -e§,  -^er, 
room,  Qimmer,  ;^.  -^,  — ;  to  make 

— ,  ^Ia|  madden, 
rough,  xti%\  (of  water)  betoegt; 

pretty  — ,  jtemlic^  bewegt. 
round,  adj,^  runb ;   adv.,  Uttl  ♦  ♦  . 

l^erum. 
rude,  x^\ 
run,  laufeiv  lief,  gelauf en,  f.  or  % 


sack,  ^^^f  m.  -e§,  ^e« 

sad,  traurig. 

saddle,  to—,  fatteln. 

safe,  fid^er;  —  and  sound,  XOO^l- 

betialten. 
sail,  fegeln. 

sailor,  SO^atrofe,  m.  -n,  -n. 
sale,  $8erfauf,  m.  -§,  ^e;  for  — , 

gum  SSerlauf . 
salt,  (5al5  ^w.  -e§. 
same,  the  — ,  berjelbe,  biefelbe, 

ba^felbe. 
satisfied,  gufrieben. 


Saturday,  (Sonnabenb,  m.  -4,  -c. 

sausage,  SSurft,/.  ^e. 

say,  fagen. 

scar,  9^arbe,/-n. 

scholar,    ©d^uler,    w.    -^,   — ; 

traveling  — ,  f  a^reuber  ©d)uler. 
school,  ©(^ule, /.  -n;  at  — ,  in 

ber   ©^ule;  —  -boy,   ©d^ul* 

fnabe,  m.  -n,  -n,  ©d^uljunge, 

m.  -n,  -n. 
scold,  fd)elten,  fd^alt,  gefc^olten. 
sea,  See,/,  -n;  — sick,  feefranf. 
seam,  9^al)t,/.  -^e. 
second,  gtceit ;  the  — ,  ber  gh)eite. 
secret,  «^*.,  gel^eim;  -ly,  im  ge* 

!^etmen. 
see,  fe^en,  ]o^f  gefe^en. 
seek,  fu(f)en. 

seem,  fd^einen,  fd^ien,  gefd)ienen. 
seize,  ergreifen,  ergriff,  ergriffen. 
sell,  toerfaufen. 
send,  fi^iden,  fenben,  fanbte,  ge* 

fanbt,  (for,  nad^,  ^«^.). 
separate,  trennen. 
serious,  ernft. 
service,    (divine)    ©otte^btenft, 

m,  -e§,  -c. 
seven,  fteben. 
several,  me^rere. 
sew,  ndlien. 

shall,  f oEen ;  (Juturity)  loerben. 
shameful,  fc^dnblid). 
she,  fie. 

ship,  ©d^iff,  n.  -e§,  ~e. 
shoemaker,  ©d^u^mad^er,  m.  -^, 

shop,  2a\)cn,  w.  -§,  *. 
short,  furg. 


VOCABULARY 


73 


shoulder,  ©coulter,/,  -n. 
shout,  (for  joy)  jaud^^en;   lant 

fc^reien,  fd^rie,  gefd^rieeu. 
show,  §etgen. 
shrill,  fdiriE. 

shroud,  Seid)entud^,  -^,  ^er. 
shut,  5U=mac^en,  fcCiIiegen,  fd^Iog, 

gef  (^toff  en ;  intrans.,  fid)  f  d^liegen. 
sick,  !ranf. 
side,  ©eite,/  -n. 
sight,  in  — ,  in  ©idE)t. 
silent,  to  be  — ,  f (i)toeigen,  f d^toieg, 

gef^miegen. 
simple,  einf ad^. 
simplicity,  ©infdltigfeit,/. 
since, /r^/.,feit  {dat.)\  sub.  conj.^ 

feit,  feitbem. 
single,  eingig. 

sir,  §err,  mein  §err,  m,  ~n,  -en. 
sister,  ©dfitoefter,/.  -n. 
sit,  fi^en,  fag,  gef eff en ;  —  down, 

fid^  ]^in=fegen. 
six,  fed)g;  -th,  fed)§te. 
sixteenth,  fed^jel^nte. 
skilful,  gef^idEt. 

sleep,  fd^Iofen,  frf)Iief,  gefd)Iafen. 
slowly,  langfant. 
sly,  f«^rau. 
small,  flein. 
smoke,  raud£)en. 
snow,  6d^nee,  m.-^, 
so,  fo,  alfo;  —  that,  bamit,  fo 

sob,  fd^Iud^§en. 
soldier,  ©olbat,  m,  -en,  -en. 
solve,  to  fen. 

some,  tixoQS)\  pL  einige;  -times, 
5UtDeiIen ;  -body,  jemanb. 


son,  (So^n,  m.  -e§,  -^e. 

soon,  balb. 

sorrow,  Seiben,  n,  -§,  — . 

sound,  ^lang,  m,  -eg,  -^e;  safe 
and  — ,  njo^Ibe^atten. 

sound,  to  — ,  erflingen,  erflang,  er^ 
flungen,  f. 

soup,  ©u^)|)e,/.  -n» 

spare,  f^aren. 

speak,  f:predt)en,  f:prorf|,gef^rod)en ; 
reben. 

speaker,  Sflebner,  m.-§>f  — . 

spend  (money),  au^^geben ;  — 
(time),  p^bringen. 

spoil,  tjerberben,  tjerbarb,  t)erbor* 
ben. 

sponge,  (Sd^toantnt,  m,  -e§,  -^e. 

spring,  f:pringen,  f^rang,  gef|)run* 
gen,  ^.  and  f. 

stab,  erfted^en,  erftad),  erftod^en. 

stable,  (StaE,  w.  -e§,  ^e. 

stand,  ftei)en,  ftanb,  geftanben; 
(endure)  au^^^alten. 

stare,  an^tarren;  —  at  some- 
body, jemanben  an=ftarren. 

statement,  Sln^fage,  /.  -n ;  (as- 
sertion) §8e§an:|3tung,  /.  -en ; 
(report)  ^erid^t,  m.  -^,  -e. 

station,  S3a§n§of,  m.  -g,  -^e. 

stay,  bleiben,  blieb,  geblieben,   f. 

steal,  ftel^Ien,  fta^I,  geftof)(en. 

steam,  ®ant:pf,  m.  -e§. 

steamer,  ®ant^fer,  m,  -§,  — . 

steel,  ftd^Iern. 

steward,  ©tettJarb,  w.  -^,  -§♦ 

stick,     trans.,   ftecfen;    intrans., 

fteden  bleiben,  f» 
stick,  the  ^,  ber  @todt,  -e§,  ^e. 


74 


VOCABULARY 


Btill,    adv,  nod^;  conj.  bO(^;  adj. 

stoker,  §ei§er,  w.  -§,  — . 

stone,  ©tein,  ^.  -e§,  -e. 

stop,    an^!^alten;   (sojourn)   fic^ 

auf=!^alten;  (cease)  auf=^oren, 
store,  Saben,  w.  -§, -tt. 
storm,  ©turnt,  m.  -zl,  -^e. 
story,  ^efrf)t(^te,/.  -n, 
strange,  feltfant,  fremb. 
stranger,  grentb^^er,  /».,  inflects 

like  an  adj, 
street,  ©trage,/.  -n» 
strike,  fd^Iagen,  fc^Iug,  gefd^Iagen. 
strive,  ft(^  beftreBen* 
strong,  ftarf;  r^w/.,  ftatfer* 
student,  ©tubent,  ^«.  -en,  -en. 
study,  ftubieren. 
study-period,    ^rbeitftunbe,   /. 

-n. 
stumble,  ftolpern,  ftrau(^eln. 
stupid,  bumnt. 
stupidity,  ^unttttl^eit,/.  -en. 
succeed,  gelingen,  gelang,  gelun= 

gen,    f*   {impersonal  verb  with 
dat.')'y  he  succeeded,  e§  gelang 

successfully,    glittflid^,  mit  ©r= 

folg. 
such,    folc^;    —  a,  ein   foldjer, 

fol^  ein. 
suddenly,  ;|)Io|lid^. 
suffer,  erleiben,  eriitt,  eriitten. 
sufficient,  genug. 
sum,  @umnte,y*.  -n  ;  —  of  money, 

©elbfuntttte,/.  -n. 
summer,    ©omntcr,  m.  -§,  — ; 

— day,  ©ommertag,  m,  -^,  -e. 


Sunday,  ©onntag,  ?7^.  -g,  -e, 
supper,  5lbenbbrot, «.  -§. 
suppose,  t)ermnten,  an^nel^men. 
surround,  umgeben. 
suspect,  in  SScrbad^t  l^aben. 
swamp,  ©nnt^f,  m,  -e§,  -^e. 
swear,     fd^mdren,    fc^toor,     ge* 

fd^tooren. 
swim,  fd^ttJimmen,  fdimamm,  ge* 

fd^njommen,  ^.  and  f. 
swimming-lesson,    ©d^toimm* 

ftunbe,/.  -n. 
sword,  6d^toert,  «.  -eg,  -er. 


table,  ^ifd^,  m.  -eg,  -e. 

take,  ne^men,  na^m,  genommen; 

—  off,  ab==ne:^en. 
talent,  2:alent,  «.  -g,  -e,    $|3e* 

gabnng,/.  -en. 
talk,  f^rec^en,  ]^xa^,  gef|>rod^en; 

reben. 
talkative,  gef^rad^ig. 
tavern,  (5d)en!e,/  -n,  ^erberge, 

/.-n. 
tea,  X^ee,  m,  -g. 
teach,  rei)ren  («<rr.)'  bei^bringen 

{dat,), 
teacher,  Secret,  »?.  -g,  — ;  /em, 

Secretin,/,  -nen. 
tear,  reigen,  rig,  geriffen ; — down, 

ab^reigen. 
tell,  fagen,  (relate)  erja^len. 
tend,  l^iiten. 
tenth,  ge^nte. 
term,  (Semefter,  n.  -g,  — , 
terrible,  fc^redUd)* 


VOCABUTuART 


75 


than,  aB* 

thank,  battfen  (^<2/.)- 

that,  rel.y  ber,  tt)eld)er;  demons., 

ber,  jener;  conj.^  bag;  all  — , 

aKe§  tuag ;  so  — ,  bamit,  fo  \io!^. 
the,  ber,  bie,  ba§;  the  .  .  .  the, 

je  .  .  .  beftO  (je  introduces  dep. 

cLi  beftO  ^'^^  mai7t  cl.). 
them,  (^^/.)  i^nen;  {ace.)  fie. 
then,  bann. 
there,  \iCi,  bort. 
therefore,  bat)er,  barum. 
thereupon,  barauf,  !^ierauf. 
they,  fie. 

thief,  ^ie6,  m.  -e§,  -e. 
thing,  6ad)e,/.  -n  ;  ®ing,  n,  -e§, 

-e. 
think,  benlen,  bad^te,  gebad^t  (of, 

an,«<r^.) ;  (consider)  ^alteit  flit ; 

—  over,  nac^^benten  iiber  {ace.) ; 

(believe)      glauben;       (opine) 

tneinen. 
third,  britte. 
thirsty,  burftig. 
thirtieth,  breigigfte. 
this,    biefer,    biefe,   btefe§ ;    — 

morning,  l^eute  9Jlorgen. 
those,  bie,  jene. 
thousand,  Xaufenb,  n.  -§,  -e. 
threat,  2)rol^ung,/.  -en. 
threaten,  brot)en  {dat), 
three,  brei. 
through,  burd^  {ace). 
thunder,  bonnem. 
thus,  fo,  auf  biefe  SSeife. 
tie,  binben,  banb,  gebunben. 
till,  big. 
time,    geit,  /.  -en ;    (repetition) 


mal ;  this  — ,  biegmal ;  the  first 
— ,  'aa^  erftemal ;  to  have  a  good 
(jolly)  time,  fi^  gut  amiifieren, 
luftig  fein. 

tip,  Xrinfgelb,  n.  -§,  -er. 

tired,  miibe. 

to,  5U  {dat),  nad^  {dat),  (up  to) 
aiX  {dat,  or  acc.)\  (into)  in 
{ace). 

to-day,  ]§eute. 

together,  pfamnten. 

to-morrow,  ntorgen. 

to-night,     §eute    S^ad^t;     ^eute 

too,  l^x ;  (also)  audf). 

top,    ©pt^e,  /.  -n ;    at    the  — , 

oben. 
touch,  rii^ren,  an-rii^ren. 
towards,  nad^  {dat.),  nad^  .  .  . 

p;  (of  time)  gegen  {ace). 
town,  (Bi^\^i,f*  -^e. 
town-coimcil,    ©tabtrat,  w.  -§, 

town-hall,  9lat^au§,  n,  -e§,  ^er. 

toy,  ©|)ielfad^e,/.  -n,  ©ipter^eug, 
^.  -§. 

transportation,  $8ef5rberung,  /. 
-en. 

travel,  reifen,  f .  or  § ;  -ling  scho- 
lar, fal^renber  8d£)iiler. 

treachery,  SSerrat,  m,  -§. 

treat,  be^anbeln. 

tree,  S3  aunt,  m,  -e§,  -^e. 

tremble,  gittern. 

trick,  ©treid^,  m,  -e§,  -e. 

troops,  2^ru^pen,j!>/. 

trouble,  ajliil^e,/. -n. 

true,  nja^r. 


76 


VOCABULARY 


truth,  SSa^r^eit,/.  -en. 

try,  ijerfu(^en. 

tune,  aJielobie,/.  -n. 

turn,  toenben,  tranbte,  geltjanbt; 

{intrans.)  fic^  iDenbeu,  to  —  to 

somebody,    \i6)    an    jentanben 

hjenben;  — out  (of  a  vehicle), 

avi^^tot\6)txi,  Xo\6)   au§,  augge= 

tt)id)en. 
twelve,  ^ttjolf. 
twenty,  jman^tg. 
twice,  jtueimal. 
two,  gtoei ;  the  — ,  bie  betben,  bie 

atoei. 

U. 

umbrella,  fRegenfd^tmt,  /«.-§,  -e. 
uncle,  Dnfet,  m.  -§,  — ,  D^eim, 

w.  -§,  -e. 

under,  /r^/.,  unter  {dat.  or  ace.)  ; 

«^z/.,  l^emnter,  l^inunter. 
understand,  t)erfte^en,  Derftanb, 

Derftanben. 
uneasy,  unruf|tg. 
unload,  an^^Iaben,  lub  avi^,  au§= 

getaben. 
unnecessary,     unnotig,     iiber* 

Pffig. 
unpaid,  unbega^ft. 
until,  prep.^  bi§  (^acc.) ;  .w^.  <:^;^;'., 

bi§. 
up,  anf,  l^eranf,  l^tnauf;  —  to, 

bi§  su  (^^/.)- 
upon,  auf  {dat,  or  accJ). 
upper,  {adj.)  ober. 
us,  ^«/.,  un§  ;  «<:(;.,  un§. 
use,  gebraud^en. 


vagabond,  Sanbftreid^er,  m.  -§^ 

— ,  SSagabunb,  m.  -en,  -en. 
vain,  in  — ,  untfonft. 
value,  2Bert,  w. -e§, -e. 
various,  t)erf(f|teben. 
vegetable,  ©emiife,  n,  -^,  — . 
very,  \t^x, 
village,  ® orf ,  m  -e§,  ^er ;  —  -boy, 

®orf jnnge,  7n,  -n,  -n ;  —  -inn, 

®orffd^en!e,/  -n. 
violent,  l^eftig. 
virtue,  in  —  of,  fraf t  (prep,  with 

gen,), 

voice,  ©tintme,/.  -n. 
voyage,  Steife,/.  -n;  —  of  dis- 
covery, ©ntbedung^reife, /.  -n. 

TV. 

wade,  maten. 

waggon,  SKagen,  m.  -^,  — . 

wait,  n)arten,  —  for,  tuarten  auf 

(«^r.). 
wake,    trans.,    toed  en;    intrans,, 

auf=ttja(^en. 
walk,  gel)en,  ging,  gegangen,  f. 
walk,  the  — ,  bcr  ©pagiergang, 

-§,  -^e ;  to  take  a  — ,  fipagiercn 

gel^en,  einen  ©pagiergang  ma* 

d)en. 
wander,  ttJanbern,  f.  or  §. 
want,  ttJoEen,  tounjd^en ;  (need), 

braud^en. 
warehouse,  ©peid^er,  m.  -4,  — . 
wares,  SSaren,//. 
wash,  iDafd^en,  toufd),  gett)afd)en 


VOCABULARY 


77 


water,  SKaffer, /^.  -§. 

way,  2Beg,  m.  -e§,  -e ;  on  the  — , 

auf  bem  SBege. 
we,  tt)ir. 
weak,  fd^tDad). 
weakness,  (5cf)tt)a(^e,/.  -n. 
wear,  tragen,  trug,  getragen. 
weather,  SSetter,  n.  -§. 
"Wednesday,   2Jlitttt)0d^,  m.  -§, 

-e. 
week,  2Bo(^e,/-n. 
weep,  tuetnen. 
well,    ttJO^I,  gut;    (exclamation) 

wet,  nag. 

what,  wag. 

when,  aB,  ttjann,  toenn. 

whenever,  tuenn. 

where,  tuo. 

whether,  oB  (j/^/^.  conj.). 

while,  tt)a!)renb  {sub.  conj.). 

white,  toeig. 

who,  interrogative,  ttJCr ;  relative, 

ber  ^r  tt)el(^er. 

whoever,  ttjer. 

whole,  gang. 

whose,  interrogative,  tt)eff  en ;  rel- 
ative, beffen,  m.  and  n.,  beren,/. 

why,  h)arum;  (exclamation)  9^un. 

widow,  SBittoe,/  -n. 

wife,  grau,/.  -en. 

will,  (want  to)  ttJoEen;  (futurity) 
toerben. 

window,  genfter,  n,  -§,  — . 

wise,  tt)etfe,  flug. 

wish,  tt)unf(i)en. 


with,  mit  {dat.), 

without,  ol^ne  («^^.) ;  —  ...  ing, 

Ol^ne  5U  {followed  by  infin.). 
witty,  tDi^ig. 
woman,  grau,/.  -en. 
wonder,  (ba§)  SSunber,  -§,  — . 
wonder,  to  — ,  fief)  tounbern. 
wonderful,  tDUnberbar. 
wooden,  l^olgern. 
word,  SSort,  n,  -eg,  -e;  (single 

words)  SSorter. ; 
work,  the  — ,  bie  5lrbeit,  -en. 
work,  to  — ,  arbeiten. 
workman,  5lrbetter,  m.  -§,  — . 
workshop,  SSerf ftcitte,/  -n. 
world,  aSelt,/.  -en. 
worse,  fd^timmer. 
worst,  jd^  lintmft. 
worth,    tt)ert   {gen.)\    —  while, 

ber  Wix^e  tuert. 
worthier,  toiirbiger  (gen.). 
wring,  ringen,  rang,  gerungen. 
write,  fd^reiben,  fd^rieb,  gefd)rie* 

ben;  —  to,  fi^reiben  an  (ace), 

Y. 

year,  %a^X,  n,  -e§,  -e ;  for  many 

-s,  t)tele  "^Qi^ct  lang. 
yesterday,    geftern;    day  before 

— ,  tjorgeftern. 
yet,  adv,^  nod);  conj.,  bod);   not 

— ,  nod^  nid^t. 
you,  ©ie,  bu,  i§r. 
young,  jung. 
your,  g^r,  bein,  euer. 


fteatb'0  fiDobern  Xanauage  Series* 

GERMAN  GRAMMARS  AND  READERS. 

l?ix'(3  Erstes  deatsches  Sclmlblicll.    For  primary  classes.    Boards.    Illustratedc 
202  pages.    35  cts. 

Joymes-Meissner  German  Grammar.     A   working  Grammar,  elementary, 
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JLlternative  Exercises.    Can  be  used,  for  the  sake  of  change,  instead  of  those  in 
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Joynes's  Shorter  German  Grammar.  Part  I  of  the  above.  Half  leather.  80  cts. 

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Meissner's  German  Conyersation.   Not  ^phrase  book  nor  a  method  book,  but 

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l'S  Marchen  and  Schiller's  Der  Taucher  (van  der  Smissen)  Notes 
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Andersen's  Bilderbuch  ohne  Bilder.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr. 
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Leander's  Traumereien.  Fairy  tales  with  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Professor 
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Volkmann's  (Leander's)  Kleine  Geschichten.  Four  very  easy  tales,  with 
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Easy  Selections  for  Sight  Translation.     (Deering.)    15  cts. 

Storm's  Immensee.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt, 
Washington,  D.  C.    30  cts, 

Heyse's  L'Arrabbiata.    With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bern- 
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Von  Hillem's  Hdher  als  die  Kirche.    With  notes  by  S.  W.  Clary,  and  with 

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Eauff's  Der  Zwerg  Nase.    With  introduction  by  Professor  Grandgent  of 

Harvard  University.    No  notes,    i  s  cts. 
Banff's  Das  kalte  Herz.    Notes  and  vocabulary  by  Professor  van  der 

Smissen,  University  of  Toronto.     (Roman  type.)    40  cts. 
All  Baba  and  the  Forty  Thieves.    With  introduction  by  Professor  Grand- 
gent of  Harvard  University.     No  notes.    20  cts. 
Schiller's  Der  Taucher.    With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Professoc  Van  der 

Smissen  of  the  University  of  Toronto.     12  cts. 
Schiller's  Der  Neffe  als  Onkel,     Notes  and  vocabulary  by  Professor  Beres- 

ford-Webb,  Wellington  College,  England.    30  cts. 
Baombach's  Waldnovellen.    Six  little  stories,  with  notes  and  vocabulary 

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Sp3rri'S  Rosenresli.    With  notes  and  vocabulary  for  beginners,  by  Helene  H. 

Boll,  of  the  High  School,  New  Haven,  Conn.    25  cts. 
Spyri's  Moni  der  Geissbub.     With  vocabulary  by  H.  A.  Guerber.     25  cts. 
Zschokke's  Der  zerbrochene  Erug.    With  notes,  vocabulary  and  English 

exercises  by  Professor  E.  S.  Joynes.    25  cts. 
Baombach's  Nicotiana  und  andere  Erzdhlungen.    Five  stories  with  notes 

and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt.     30  cts. 
Elz's  Er  ist  nicht  eifersuchtig.     With  vocabulary  by  Professor  B.  W, 

Wells.    25  cts. 
Carmen  Sylva's  Aus  meinem  Konigreich.    Five  short  stories,  with  notes 

and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt.     35  cts. 
Gerstacker's  Germelshausen.    With  notes  by  Professor  Osthaus  of  Indiana 

University,  and  with  vocabulary.     25  cts. 
Benediz's  Wein.    With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  English  exercises  by  A.  W. 

Spanhoofd.     25  cts. 
Benedix's  Der  Prozess.     With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  list   of  irregular 

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Zechokke's  Das  Wirtshaus  zu  Cransac.    With  introduction,  notes  and 

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Arnold's  Fritz  ,5LUf  Ferien.  With  notes  by  A.  W.  Spanhoofd,  Director  oi 
German  in  the  High  Schools  of  Washington,  D.C.     20  cts. 

Heyse's  Das  Madchen  von  Treppi.  With  introduction,  notes,  and  Eng. 
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Stille  Wasser.  Three  tales  by  Crane,  Hotfmann,  and  Wildenbruch,  with 
notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt.     2^  cts. 

SitdePs  Leberecht  Huhnchen.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Professoi 
Spanhoofd,  High  School,  Washington,  D.C.    30  cts. 

Auf  der  Sonnenseite.  Humorous  stories  by  Seidel,  Sudermann,  and  others, 
with  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt.     35  cts. 

FrommePs  Eingeschneit.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm 
Bernhardt.    30  cts. 

Keller's  Kleider  machen  Leute.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  M.  B. 
Lambert,  Brooklyn  High  School.    35  cts. 

Baumbach's  Die  Nonna.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bern- 
hardt, Washington,  D.  C.    30  cts. 

RiehPs  CulturgescMchtliche  Novellen.    See  two  following  texts. 

;Riehl'S  Der  Fluch  der  Sch'dnheit.  With  not«s  by  Professor  Thomas, 
Columbia  University.    25  cts. 

Riehl's  Das  Spielmannskind ;  Der  stumme  Ratsherr.  Two  stories  with 
notes  by  A.  F.  Eaton,  Colorado  College.    25  cts. 

Pbner-Eschenbach's  Die  Freiherren  von  Gemperlein.  Edited  by  Professor 
Hohlfeld,  Vanderbilt  University.    30  cts. 

Freytag's  Die  Joumalisten.  With  notes  by  Professor  Toy  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina.    30  cts. 

Schiller's  Das  Lied  von  der  Glocke.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Pro- 
fessor Chamberlin  of  Denison  University.    20  cts. 

Schiller's  Jungfrau  von  Orleans.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Pro- 
fessor Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.     Illustrated.    60  cts, 

Schiller's  Maria  Stuart.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 
Rhoades,  University  of  Illinois.     Illustrated.    60  cts. 

Schiller's  Wilhelm  Tell.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Prof.  Deering, 
of  Western  Reserve  Univ.     lllus.     50  cts.    With  vocab.,  75  cts. 

Schiller's  Ballads.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Johnson  of 
Bowdoin  College.    60  cts. 

Baombach's  Der  Schwiegersohn.  With  notes  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt. 
30  cts. ;  with  vocabulary,  40  cts. 

Onkel  und  Nichte.     Story  by  Oscar  Faulhaber.    No  notes.    20  cts. 

Benedix's  Plautus  und  Terenz ;  Die  Sonntagsjager.  Comedies  edited  by 
Professor  Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.    25  cts. 

Franpois's  Phosphorus  HoUunder.    With  notes  by  Oscar  Faulhaber.  20  cts. 

Moser's  Kopnickerstrasse  120.  A  comedy  with  introduction  and  notes  by 
Professor  Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.     30  cts. 

Moser's  Der  Bibliothekar.  Comedy  with  introduction  and  notes  by  Pro- 
fessor Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.    30  cts. 

Drei  kleine  Lustsp'  le.  GUnsfige  Vorzeichen^  Der  Prozess,  Einer  muss  heu 
raten.  Edited  with  notes  by  Professor  Wells  of  the  University 
of  the  South.    30  cts. 

Helbig's  Kombdie  auf  der  Hochschnle.  With  introduction  and  notes  by 
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Schiller's  Der  Geisterseher.  Part  I.  With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  Pro- 
lessor  Joynes,  So.  Carolina  College.    30  cts. 

Selections  for  Sight  Translation.  Fifty  lifteen-line  extracts  compiled  by 
Mme.  G.  F.  Mondan,  High  School,  Bridgeport,  Conn.     15  cts. 

Selections  for  Advanced  Sight  Translation.  Compiled  by  Rose  Chamber- 
lin,  Bryn  Mawr  College.    15  cts. 

Benedix's  Die  Hochzeitsreise.     With  notes  by  Natalie  Schiefferdecker,  of 

Abbott  Academy.    25  cts. 
Aas  Herz  und  Welt.     Two  stories,  with  notes  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt. 

25  cts. 

Novelletten-Bibliothek.    Vol.  I.    Six  stories,  selected  and  edited  with  notes 

by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt.     60  cts. 
Novelletten-Bibliothek.    Vol  II.    Six  stories  selected  and  edited  as  above. 

60  cts. 

Unter  dem  Christbaum.  Five  Christmas  Stories  by  Helene  Stokl,  with 
notes  by  Dr.  Wilhelm  Bernhardt.    60  cts. 

Hoffman's  Historische  Erzahlungen.  Four  important  periods  of  German 
history,  with  notes  by  Professor  Beresford-Webb  of  WeUington 
College,  England.     25  cts. 

Wildenbruch's  Das  edle  Blut.  Edited  with  notes  by  Professor  F.  G.  G. 
Schmidt,  University  of  Oregon.    20  cts. 

Wildenbruch's  Der  Letzte.  With  notes  by  Professor  F.  G.  G.  Schmidt,  of 
the  University  of  Oregon.    21;  cts. 

Wildenbruch^s  Harold.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Eggert. 
35  c^s. 

Stifter*s  Das  Haidedorf.  A  little  prose  idyl,  with  notes  by  Professor 
lieller  of  Washington  University,  St.  Louis.    20  cts. 

Chamisso*s  Peter  Schlemihl.  With  notes  by  Professor  Primer  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Texas.     25  cts. 

Eichendorff^s  Aus  dem  Leben  eines  Taagenichts.  With  notes  by  Pro- 
fessor Osthaus  of  Indiana  University.     35  cts. 

Heine's  Die  Harzreise.  With  notes  by  Professor  Van  Daell  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Institute  of  Technology.     25  cents. 

Jensen's  Die  braune  Erica.  With  notes  by  Professor  Joynes  of  South 
CaroUna  College.     25  cts. 

Holberg's  Niels  Klim.  Selections  edited  by  E.  H.  Babbitt  of  Columbia 
College.    20  cts. 

Lyrics  and  Ballads.  Selected  and  edited  with  notes  by  Professor  Hatfield, 
Northwestern  University.     75  cts. 

Meyer's  Gustav  Adolfs  Page.  With  full  notes  by  Professor  Heller  of 
Washington  University.    2^  cts. 

Sadermann's  Der  Blatzensteg.  Abridged  and  edited  by  Professor  Wells 
of  the  Universitv  of  the  South.    40  cts. 

Dahn's  Sigwalt  und  Sigridh.  With  notes  by  Professor  Schmidt  of  the 
University  of  Oregon.     25  cts. 

Keller's  Romeo  und  Julia  auf  dem  Dorfe.  With  introduction  and  notes 
bv  Professor  W.  A.  Adams  of  Dartmouth  College.    30  cts. 

Hauff's  Lichtenstein.  Abridged.  With  notes  by  Professor  VogeV  Mass, 
Inst,  of  Technology.    00  cts. 


Deatb's  /lDo5ern  Xanguage  Series* 

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Scheffel's  Trompeter  von  Sakkingen.  Abridged  and  edited  by  Professor 
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Scheffel's  Ekkehard.  Abridged  and  edited  by  Professor  Carla  Wenckebach 
of  Wellesley  College.     Illustrated.     70  cts. 

Freytag's  Soil  und  Haben.  Abridged.  With  notes  by  Professor  Files  of 
Bowdoin  College.    65  cts. 

Freytag's  Aus  den  Kreuzugen.  With  notes  by  Professor  Shumway, 
University  of  Pennsylvania.     00  cents. 

Freytag's  Aus  dem  Staat  Friedrichs  des  Grossen.  With  notes  by  Pro- 
fessor Hagar  of  Owens  College,  England.    25  cts. 

Frejrtag's  Aus  dem  Jahrhundert  des  grossen  Krieges.  Edited  by  Pro- 
fessor Rhoades,  of  the  University  of  Illinois.     35  cts. 

Freytag's  Rittmeister  von  Alt-Rosen.  With  introduction  and  notes  by 
Professor  Hatfield  of  Northwestern  University.    60  cts. 

Lessing's  Minna  von  Bamhelm.  With  notes  and  introduction  by  Pro- 
fessor Primer  of  the  University  of  Texas.     60  cts. 

Lessing's  Nathan  der  Weise.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 
Primer  of  the  University  of  Texas.     90  cts. 

Lessing's  Emilia  Galotti.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 
Winkler  of  the  University  of  Michigan.    60  cts. 

Goethe's  Sesenheim.  From  DicJitung  und  Wahrheit.  With  notes  by 
Professor  Huss  of  Princeton.    25  cts. 

Goethe's  Meisterwerke.  Selections  in  prose  and  verse,  with  copious  notes 
by  Dr.  Bernhardt  oi  Washington,     ti.i^. 

Goethe's  Dichtung  und  Wahrheit.  (1-IV.)  Edited  by  Professor  C.  A. 
Buchheim  of  King's  College,  London,     go  cts. 

Goethe's  Hermann  und  Dorothea.  With  notes  and  introduction  by  Pro- 
fessor Hewett  of  Cornell  University.     75  cts. 

Goethe's  Iphigenie.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  L.  A. 
Rhoades  of  the  University  of  Illinois.    65  cts. 

Goethe's  Torquato  Tasso.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 
Thomas  of  Columbia  University.     75  cts. 

Goethe's  Faust.  Part  I.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Thomas 
of  Columbia  University.     ^1.12. 

Goethe's  Faust.  Part  II.  With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 
Thomas  of  Columbia  University.     ^1.50. 

Heine's  Poems.  Selected  and  edited  with  notes  by  Professor  W^hite  of 
Cornell  University.      75  cts. 

Walther's  Meereskunde.  (Scientific  German.)  Notes  and  vocabulary 
by  S.  A.  SterUng  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin.     75  cts. 

Gore's  German  Science  Reader.  Introductory  reader  in  Scientific  German, 
with  notes  and  vocabulary.     75  cts. 

Hodge's  Scientific  German.  Selected  and  edited  by  Professor  Hodges, 
formerly  of  Harvard  University.     75  cts. 

Wenckebach's  Deutsche  Literaturgeschichte.  Vol.  I  (to  iioo  a.d)  with 
Muster stiicke.     50  cts. 

Wenckebach's  Meisterwerke  des  Mittelalters.  Selections  from  German 
translations  of  the  masterpieces  of  the  Middle  Ages.     $1.26. 

Dahn's  Ein  Kampf  um  Rom.  Abridged  and  edited  with  notes  by  Professor 
Wenckebach  of  Wellesley  College.     70  cts. 

Goethe'8  Poems.  Selected  and  edited  by  Professor  Harris  of  Adelbert 
College.    90  cts. 


l)eatb'6  /iDo&etn  language  Series* 

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Bdgren*s  Compendious  French  Grammar.  Adapted  to  the  needs  of  the 
beginner  and  the  advanced  student.     $1.12. 

Edgren's  French  Grammar,  Part  I.  For  those  who  wish  to  learn  quickly 
to  read  French.    35  cts. 

Fraser  and  Squair's  French  Grammar.  Complete  and  practical.  For  be- 
ginners and  advanced  students.     ;^i.i2. 

Grandgent*s  Essentials  of  French  Grammar.  With  numerous  exercises 
and  illustrative  sentences.     $1.00. 

Grandgent's  Short  French  Grammar.  Phonetic  help  in  pronunciation. 
Exercises,  see  below.     60  cts. 

Grandgent's  French  Lessons  and  Exercises.  Necessarily  used  with  the 
Short  French  Grammar.  First  Year's  Course  for  High 
Schools^  No  I ;  First  Yearns  Course  for  Colleges^  No.  i.   15  cts.  each. 

Grandgent's  French  Lessons  and  Exercises.  First  Year's  Course  for 
Grammar  Schools,  25  cts.  Second  Year's  Course  for  Grammar 
Schools.     30  cts. 

Grandgent's  Materials  for  French  Composition.  Five  pamphlets  based  on 
La  Pipe  de  Jean  Bart^  La  derni^re  classe,  Le  Siege  de  Berlin^ 
Peppino^  VAbbe  Constantin,  respe'-^ively.    Each,  12  cts. 

Grandgent's  French  Composition.  Elementary,  progressive  and  varied 
selections,  with  full  notes  and  vocabulary.     50  cts. 

Bouvet's  Exercises  in  Syntax  and  Composition.  With  notes  and  vocab- 
ulary.   75  cts. 

Clarke's  French  Subjunctiv  Mood.  An  inductive  treatise,  with  exer- 
cises.    50  cts. 

Hennequin's  French  Modal  Auxiliaries.  With  exercises  in  composition 
and  conversation.     50  cts. 

Kimball's  Materials  for  French  Composition.  Based  on  Colomba^  for 
second  year's  work ;  on  La  Belle-Nivernaise^  and  also  one  on  La 
Tulipe  Noire y  for  third  year's  work.     Each  12  cts. 

Storr's  Hints  on  French  Syntax.    With  exercises.    30  cts. 

Marcou's  French  Review  Exercises.     With  notes  and  vocabulary.    20  cts. 

Houghton's  French  by  Reading.  Begins  with  interlinear,  and  gives  in  the 
course  of  the  book  the  whole  of  elementary  grammar,  with  reading 
matter,  notes,  and  vocabulary.     $1.12. 

Hotchkiss's  Le  Premier  Livre  de  Francais.  Conversational  introduction  to 
French,  for  young  pupils.    Boards.   Illustrated.   79  pages.    35  cti. 

Fontaine's  Livre  de  Lecture  et  de  Conversation.  Combines  Reading, 
Conversation,  and  Grammar,  with  vocabulary.    90  cts. 

Fontaine's  Lectures  Courantes.  Can  follow  the  above.  Contains  Reading, 
Conversation,  and  Ensrlish  Exercises  based  on  the  text,    ti.oo. 

Lyon  and  Larpent's  Primary  French  Translation  Book.  An  easy  begin- 
ning reader,  with  very  full  notes,  vocabulary,  and  English  exer- 
cises based  on  the  latter  part  of  the  text.     60  cts. 

Super's  Preparatory  French  Reader.  Complete  and  graded  selections  of 
interesting  French,  with  notes  and  vocabulary.     70  cts. 

French  Fairy  Tales  (Joynes).  With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  English  oxer* 
cises  based  on  the  text.    35  cts. 

Pavies's  Elementary  Scientific  French  Reader.  Confined  to  Scientific 
French.     With  notes  and  vocabulary.    40  cts. 

Heath's  French-English  and  English-French  Dictionary.  Fully  adequate 
for  the  ordinary  wants  of  students.    Retail  price,  I1.50. 


1beatb*5  /lDo5ern  XauQuage  Qcxics, 

ELEMENTARY  FRENCH  TEXTS. 

Mairet's  La  Tache  du  Petit  Pierre.  Notes,  vocabulary,  and  English 
exercises  by  Professor  Super,  Dickinson  College.     35  cts. 

Bruno's  Tour  de  la  France  par  deux  Enfants.  Notes  and  vocabulary  by 
C.  Fontaine,  High  Schools,  Washington,  D.C.    45  cts. 

Jules  Verne's  L 'Expedition  de  la  Jeune  Hardie.  With  notes,  vocabulary, 
and  appendixes  by  W.  S.  Lyon.    25  cts. 

Gervais'S  Un  Cas  de  Conscience.  With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  appendixes 
by  R.  P.  Horsley.    25  cts. 

G^nin's  Le  Petit  Tailleur  Bouton.  With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  api)endixes 
by  W.  S.  Lyon.    25  cts. 

Assolant's  Une  Aventure  du  Celdbre  Pierrot.  With  notes,  vocabulary, 
and  appendixes  by  R.  E.  Pain.     25  cts. 

Muller'a  Les  Grandes  Decouvertes  Modemes.  Photography  and  Telega 
raphy.  With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  appendixes  by  F.  E.  B, 
Wale.    25  cts. 

R^cits  de  Guerre  et  de  Revolution.  Selected  and  edited,  with  notes,  vocab- 
ulary, and  appendixes  by  B.  Minssen.    25  cts. 

Bruno's  Les  Enfants  Patriotes.  With  notes,  vocabulary,  and  appendixes 
by  W.  S.  Lyon.    25  cts. 

Bedollidre's  La  Mdre  Michel  et  son  Chat.  With  notes,  vocabulary,  and 
appendixes  by  W.  S.  Lyon.     25  cts. 

Legouv^  and  Labiche's  La  Cigale  chez  les  Fourmis.  A  comedy  in  one 
act,  with  notes  by  W.  H.  Witherby.    20  cts. 

Labiche  and  Martin's  Le  Voyage  de  M.  Perrichon.  A  comedy ;  notes  and  vo- 
cabulary by  Professor  Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.  30  cts. 

Labiche  and  Martin's  La  Poudre  aux  Yeux.  Comedy ;  notes  and  vocabu^ 
lary  by  Professor  Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.    30  cts. 

Dumas's  L'Evasion  du  Due  de  Beaufort.    Notes  by  D.  B.  Kitchen.  2=;  cts. 

Dumas's  Monte-Cristo.  With  notes  by  I.  H.  B.  Spiers,  Wm.  Penn  Char- 
ter School,  Philadelphia.     30  cts. 

Assonant's  Recits  de  la  Vieille  France.  With  notes  by  E.  B.  Wauton. 
25  cts. 

Berthet's  Le  Pacta  de  Famine.     With  notes  by  B.  B.  Dickinson.    25  cts. 

£rckmann-<!hatrian'8  L'Histoire  d'un  Paysan.     With  notes  by  W.  S. 

Lyon.    25  cts. 
France's  Abeille.    With  notes  by  C.  P.  Lebon  of  the  Boston  English  High 

School.    25  cts. 
La  Main  Malheureuse.    With  complete  and  detailed  vocabulary,  by  H.  A. 

Guerber,  Nyack,  N.  Y.     25  cts. 
Enault's  Le  Chien  du  Capitaine.     Notes  and  vocabulary,  by  C.  Fontaine, 

Director  of  French,  High  Schools,  Washington,  D.  C.     35  cts. 
Trois  Contes  Choisis  par  Baudot.    {Le  Siege  de  Berlin^  La  dernilre  Classe^ 

La  Mule  du  Pape.)    With  notes  by  Professor  Sanderson.    15  cts. 
Erckmann-Chatrian's  Le  Consent  de  1813.     Notes  and  vocabulary,  by  Pro- 
fessor Super,  Dickinson  College.    45  cts. 
Selections  for  Sight  Translation.     Fifty  fifteen-line  extracts  compiled  by 

Miss  Bruce  of  the  High  School,  Newton,  Mass.     15  cts 
Laboulaye's  Contes  Bleus.     With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  C.  Fontaine, 

Central  High  School,  Washington,  D.  C.    35  cts. 
Malot's  Sans  Famille.    With  notes  and  vocabulary  by  I.  H.  B.  Spiers  of 

the  Wm.  Penn  Charter  School,  Philadelphia.    40  cts. 


Ibeatb^s  /lDo5etn  Xanguage  Serfes* 

INTERMEDIATE  FRENCH  TEXTS.     (Partial  List.) 
Dumas's  La  Tulipe  Noire.    With  notes  by  Protessor  C.  Fontaine,  Central 

High  School,  Washington,  D.  C.     40  cts.    With  vocabulary, 

50  cts. 
Erckmann-Chatrian's  Waterloo.     Abridged  and  annotated  by  Professor 

O.  B.  Super  of  Dickinson  College.    35  cts. 
About'S  Le  Roi  des  Montagnes.  Edited  by  Professor  Thomas  Logie.  40  cts. 
Pailleron's  Le  Monde  ou  Pon  s'ennuie.    A  comedy  with  notes  by  Professor 

Pendleton  of  Bethany  College,  W.  Va.    30  cts. 
Souvestre's  Le  Mari  de  Mme  de  Solange.    With  notes  by  Professor  Super 

of  Dickinson  College,    20  cts. 
Histoiiettes  Modemes,  Vol.  I.    Short  modern  stories,  selected  and  edited, 

with  notes,  by  C.  Fontaine,   Director  of  French  in  the  High 

Schools  of  Washington,  D.  C.     60  cts. 
Eistoriettes  Modemes,  Vol.  II.    Short  stories  as  above.    60  cts. 
Fleiirs  de  France.    A  collection  of  short  and  choice  French  stories  of  recent 

date  with  notes  by  C.  Fontaine,  Washington.  D.  C.    60  cts. 
Sandeau's  Mile  de  la  Seiglidre.    With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 

Warren  of  Adelbert  College.     30  cts. 
Souvestre's  Un  Philosophe  sous  les  Toits.     With  notes,  by  Professor 

Fraser  of  the  University  of  Toronto.    50  cts.    With  vocabulary. 

80  cts. 
SoUTBStre's  Les  Confessions  d*un  Ouvrier.    With  notes  by  Professor  Super 

of  Dickinson  College.     30  cts. 
Angler's  Le  Gendre  de  M.  Poirier.     One  of  the  masterpieces  of  modern 

comedy.    Edited  by  Professor  Wells  of  the  University  of  the 

South.    25  cts. 
Scribe's  BataiUe  de  Dames     Edited  by  Professor  B.  W.  Wells.    30  cts. 
Scribe's  Le  Verre  d'eau.    Edited  by  Professor  C.  A.  Eggert.    30  cts. 
M^rimee's  Colomba.     With  notes  by  Professor  J,  A.  Fontaine  of  Bryn 

Mawr  College.    35  cts.      With  vocabulary,  45  cts. 
M^rim^e's  Chronique  du  R^gne  de  Charles  IX.    With  notes  by  Professor 

P.  Desages,  Cheltenham  College,  England.    25  cts. 
Musset's  Pierre  et  Camille.    Edited  by  Professor  O.  B.  Super.    20  cts. 
Jules  Verne's  Tour  du  Monde  en  quatre  vingts  jours.    Notes  by  Professor 

Edgren,  University  of  Nebraska.     35  cts. 
Jules  Verne's  Vingt  mille  lieues  sous  la  mer.    Notes  by  C.  Fontaine, 

High  School,  Washington,  D.C.     00  cts. 
Sand's  La  Mare  au  Diable.    With  notes  by  Professor  F.  C.  de  Sumichrast 

of  Harvard.    25  cts. 
Sand's  La  Petite  Fadette.   With  notes  by  F.  Aston-Binns,  Balliol  College, 

Oxford,  England,     30  cts. 
De  Vigny's  Le  Cachet  Rouge.    With  notes  by  Professor  Fortier  of  Tulane 

University.     20  cts. 
De  Vigny's  Le  Canne  de  Jonc.    Edited  by  Professor  Spiers,  with  Introduc- 
tion by  Professor  Cohn  of  Columbia  University.    40  cts. 
Hal6vy's  L'Abb6  Constantin.    Edited  with  notes,  by  Professor  Thomas 

Logie,    30  cts.     With  vocafbulary,  40  cts. 
Thiers's  Expedition  de  Bonaparte  en  Egypte.    With  notes  by  Professor 

C.  Fabregou,  College  of  the  City  of  New  York.    25  cts. 
Gautier's  Jettatura.    With  introduction  and  notes  by  A.  Schinz,  Ph.D. 

of  Bryn  Mawr  College.    30  cts. 
Gueiber'S  Marie-Louise     With  vocabulary.    00  cts. 


Ibeatb'6  /iDo&ern  language  Series* 

INTERMEDIATE  FRENCH  TEXTS.     (Partial  List.) 

Lamartine's  Scenes  de  la  Revolution  Francaise.    V/ith  Notes  by  Professoi 

Super  of  Dickinson  College.     35'cts. 
Lamartine's  Graziella.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  F.  M. 

Warren  of  Adelbert  College.    35  cts. 
Lamartine's  Jeanne  d'Arc.    Edited  by  Professor  Barr^re,  Royal  Military 

Academy,  Woolwich,  England.    30  cts. 
Michelet*s  Selections.    With  notes  by  Dr.  C.  H.  C.  Wright,  Harvard 

University.     00  cts. 
Victor  Hugo's  La  Chute.     From  Les  Miserables,     Edited  with  notes  by 

Professor  Huss  of  Princeton.     25  cts. 
Victor  Hugo's  Bug  Jargal.     With  notes  by  Professor  Boielle  of  Dulwich 

College,  England.      40  cts. 
Champfleury's  Le  Violon  de  Faience.    With  notes  by  Professor  Clovis 

B6venot,  Mason  College,  England.    25  cts. 
Gautier's  Voyage  en  Espagne.    With  notes  by  H.  C.  Steel.    25  cts. 
Balzac's  Le  Cure  de  Tours.    With  notes  by  Professor  C,  R.  Carter,  Welling- 
ton College,  England.     25  cts. 
Balzac's  Cinq  Scenes  de  la  Comedie  Humaine.   With  notes  by  Professor 

B.  W.  Wells.     40  cts. 
Daudet'S  La  Belle-Nivemaise.  With  notes  by  Professor  Boielle  of  Dulwich 

College,  England.     25  cts. 
Tlieuriet*S  Bigarreau.     With  notes  by  C.  Fontaine,  Washington,  D.  C. 

25  cts. 
Maupassant's  Huit  Contes  Choisis.    With  notes  by  E.  M.  White,  High 

School,  Worcester,  Mass.     25  cts. 
Advanced  Selections  for  Sight  Translation.    Extracts,  twenty  to  fifty  lines 

long,  compiled  by  Mme.  T.  F.  Colin  of  Miss  Baldwin's  School, 

Bryn  Mawr,  Pa.     15  cts. 

Dumas's  La  Question  d'Argent.      Comedy  edited  by  G.  N.  Henning, 

Assistant  in  French,  Harvard  University.    30  cts. 
Lesage's  Gil  Bias.     Abbreviated  and  edited,  with  introduction  and  notes, 

by  Professor  Cohn  of  Columbia  University,  and  Professor  San- 
derson of  Yale  University.     40  cts. 
Barcey's  Le  Sidge  de  Paris.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 

I.  H.  B.  Spiers  of  William  Penn  Charter  School,  Philadelphia. 

35  cts. 
Loti's  Pdcheur  d'Islande.    With  notes  by  R.  J.  Morich.    30  cts. 
Beaumarchais's  Le  Barbier  de  Seville.     Comedy  with  introduction  and 

notes  by  Professor  Spiers  of  William  Penn  Charter  School.  25  cts. 
Molidre's  Le  Bourgeois  Gentilhomme.    With  introduction  and  notes  by 

Professor  Warren  of  Adelbert  Collefre.     30  cts. 
Molidre's  L'Avare.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Levi  of  the 

University  of  Michigan.     35  cts. 
Racine's  Esther.     With  introduction,  notes,  and  appendixes  by  Professor 

L  H.  B.  Spiers  of  William  Penn  Charter  School.     25  cts. 
Racine's  Athalie.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Eggert  of 

Vanderbilt  University.     30  cts. 
Racine's  Andromaque.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  B.  W. 

Wells  of  the  University  of  the  South.    30  cts.    . 


t)eatb*s  /lDo5ern  Xanguage  Serfea* 

Introduction  prices  are  quoted  unless  otherwise  stated, 

ADVANCED  FRENCH  TEXTS. 

De  Vigny's  Cinq  Mars.    An  abbreviated  edition  with  introduction  and  notes 

by  Professor  Sankey  of  Harrow  School,  England.     70  cts. 
Zola's  La  Debacle.     Abbreviated  and  annotated  by  Professor  Wells,  of  the 

University  of  the  South.     70  cts. 
Choix  d'Extraits  de  Daudet.     Selected  and  edited  with  notes  by  William 

Price,  Instructor  in  Yale  University.    20  cts. 
Sept  Grands  Auteurs  du  XIXe  Sidcle.   Lectures  in  easy  French  on  Lamar- 

tlne,  Hugo,  de  Vigny,  de   Musset,  Gautier,  M6rim6e,  Copp6e,  by 

Professor  Fortier  of  Tulane  University.    60  cts. 
Prencli  Lyrics.     Selected  and  edited  with  notes  by  Professor  Bowen  of  the 

University  of  Ohio.     60  cts. 

Lamartine's  Meditations.     Selected  and  edited  by  Professor  Curme  of 

Northwestern  University.     75  cts. 
Victor  Hi;go's  Hemani.    With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Matzke 

of  Leland  Stanford.  University.    60  cts. 
Victor  Hugo's  Ruy  Bias.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Gar^ 

ner  of  the  U.  S.  NaV|^l«^cademy,  Annapohs.    65  cts. 
Comeille's  Le  Cid.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Processor  Warren  of 

Adelbert  College.     164  pages.     30  cts. 
Comeille's  Polyeucte.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor  Fortier 

of  Tulane  University.     30  cts. 
Moli^re's  Le  Misanthrope.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Professor 

C.  A.  Eggert.     30  cts. 
Moli^re's  Les  Pemmes  Savantes.     With  introduction  and  notes  by  Pro- 
fessor Fortier  of  Tulane  University.     30  cts. 
,  Molidre's  Le  TartufCe.    With  foot-notes  by  Professor  Gasc,  England.  25  cts. 

Holi^re's  Le  Medecin  Malgre  Lui.  With  foot-notes  by  Professor  Gasc, 
England.     15  cts. 

Uolidre's  Les  Precieuses  Ridicules.  With  introduction  and  notes  by 
Professor  Toy  of  the  University  of  North  Carolina.     25  cts. 

Piron's  La  Metromanie.  Comedy  in  verse,  with  notes  by  Professor  Delbos, 
England.     40  cts. 

Warren's  Primer  of  French  Literature.    An  historical  handbook.    75  cts, 

Taine's  Introduction  a  I'Histoire  de  la  Litterature  Anglaise.    With  essay 

on  Taine  by  Irving  Babbitt,  Harvard  University.     20  cts. 
Duval's  Histoire  de  la  Litterature  Francaise.     In  easy  French.     From 

earliest  times  to  the  present.     $i'.oo. 
Voltaire's  Prose.     Selected  and  edited  by  Professors  Cohn  and  Woodward 

of  Columbia  University.     ;^i.oo. 
Frencli  Prose  of  the  XVHth  Century.     Selected  and  edited  by  Professor 

Warren  of  Adelbert  College.     $1.00. 
La  Triade  Francaise.     Poems  of  Lamartine,  Musset,  and  Hugo,  with  in* 

troductions  and  notes  by  L.  Both-Hendriksen.     75  cts. 
Complete  Catalogue  of  Modern  Language  Texts  sent  on  request. 


^/    •■^-^..-<-•^-^:ift'^-->-v-^^0 


926619 


THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  UBRARY 


